Define a function S : Z+ → Z+ as follows. For each positive integer n, S(n) =the sum of the positive divisors of n. S (7) ?
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A: Given function: S: Z+ →Z+ For each positive integer n, S(n) = The sum of the positive divisor of n.
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- Give an example of a function from Z to N that is one-to-one, but not onto.How do we define that a function f(n) has an upper bound g(n), i.e., f(n) ∈ O(g(n))?The question describes a function S(k) which is defined as the sum of the positive divisors of a positive integer k, minus k itself. The function S(1) is defined as 1, and for any positive integer k greater than 1, S(k) is calculated as S(k) = σ(k) - k, where σ(k) is the sum of all positive divisors of k. Some examples of S(k) are given: S(1) = 1 S(2) = 1 S(3) = 1 S(4) = 3 S(5) = 1 S(6) = 6 S(7) = 1 S(8) = 7 S(9) = 4 The question then introduces a recursive sequence a_n with the following rules: a_1 = 12 For n ≥ 2, a_n = S(a_(n-1)) Part (a) of the question asks to calculate the values of a_2, a_3, a_4, a_5, a_6, a_7, and a_8 for the sequence. Part (b) modifies the sequence to start with a_1 = k, where k is any positive integer, and the same recursion formula applies: for n ≥ 2, a_n = S(a_(n-1)). The question notes that for many choices of k, the sequence a_n will eventually reach and remain at 1, but this is not always the case. It asks to find, with an explanation, two specific…
- The binomial coefficient C(N,k) can be defined recursively as follows: C(N,0) = 1, C(N,N) = 1, and for 0 < k < N, C(N,k) = C(N-1,k) + C(N - 1,k - 1). Write a function and give an analysis of the running time to compute the binomial coefficients as follows: A. The function is written using dynamic programming.Give an example of a function in n that is in O(√n) but not in Ω(√n). Briefly explainThe binomial coefficient C(N,k) can be defined recursively as follows: C(N,0) = 1, C(N,N) = 1, and for 0 < k < N, C(N,k) = C(N-1,k) + C(N - 1,k - 1). Write a function and give an analysis of the running time to compute the binomial coefficients as follows: A. The function is written recursively.
- Give an explicit formula for a function from the set of all integers tothe set of positive integers that is onto but is not one-to-one.Define a recursive function (rem r b) that, given a regular expression r and a bool b, returns a new regular expression r′ that matches exactly the set of all strings s such that string bs is matched by r. We will call r′ the remainder of r after division by b. For example, if r matches {T,FF T,TFF} and b = T, then r′ can be any regular expression that matches exactly the set {ε,FF} (because T and TFF are the only strings matched by r that begin with b = T, and their remainders are ε and FF, respectively). Here are some examples of what your function could output (but these are not the only answers!): • rem (false(false+true)∗) false = (false+true)∗ • rem (false(false+true)∗) true = ∅• rem (false∗ + true∗) true = true∗• rem ((false∗)(true∗)) true = true∗ Your implementation need not output these exact regular expressions as long as it always outputs an equivalent regular expression (i.e., one that matches the same set of strings as the given answer). These are also not the only test…Determine whether the proposed definition isa valid recursive definition of a function f from the setof nonnegative integers to the set of integers. If f is welldefined, find a formula for f(n) when n is a nonnegativeinteger and prove that your formula is valid. f(0) = 1, f(n) = −f(n − 1) for n ≥ 1
- Consider the function f : N × N → N given byf(m, n) = 2m-1(2n − 1), (m, n) ∈ N × NShow that f is bijectiveSimplify the complement of the following function: F(A,B,C,D)=(0,2,4,5,8,9,10,11) Your answer: F=((A'B'D)' (BC)'(AB)')' F=((A'BD)'(BC)'(AB)')' F=((A'B'D)'(B'C)'(AB)') F=((A'B'D')' (BC)'(AB)')Write a function linear_independence that takes a collection of vectors with integer entries (each written as a list), and returns True if this collection of vectors is linearly independent, and False otherwise. Examples: linear_independence([1,2]) should return True. linear_independence([1,3,7],[2,8,3],[7,8,1]) should returnTrue. linear_independence([1,3,7],[2,8,3],[7,8,1],[1,2,3]) should return False.