Define the following terms: a. A-DNA b. B-DNA c. pseudogene d. cruciform e. intron

Q: Sickle cell anemia is a disease caused by a mutation at the genotypic level. A person with two…

A: Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive trait, in which the beta-chain of the hemoglobin gets…

Q: How important and useful to the cell is the ability of the DNA to assume various forms?  Why are…

A: Topic: an essay on " Ability of DNA to assume various forms and their importance ".

Q: A key difference between the original Holliday model and the double-strand break model is the way…

A: Answer is c.)  a heteroduplex is formed.

Q: Compare and contrast transposons and genomic islands.

A: The transposons move from one genomic location to the another genomic location by the cut and paste…

Q: Which type of mutation involves only one base pair? a. insertion b. deletion c. inversion d.…

A: A mutation occurs when DNA molecules are copied or replicated, resulting in DNA variants that can be…

Q: Explain the connection between defects in DNA repair systemsand the inherited human disease…

A: Genetic disorder It is also called as inherited disorder and is caused due to, Chromosomal…

Q: If a mutagen causes bases to be removed from nucleotides withinDNA, what repair system would fix…

A: DNA repair is the process in which certain specialized enzymes within the cell known as DNA repair…

Q: The enzyme responsible for the joining of Okazaki fragments is a. helicase b. primase c. DNA ligase…

A: Okazaki fragments are DNA nucleotides with short sequences having approximately 150 to 200 bps (in…

Q: Look at the picture carefully below and imagine inside a cell nucleus. a) encircle and name the…

A: The genetic material or DNA consists of a double helical structure with a backbone of…

Q: Figure 1 Figure 2

A: DNA is known as the deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA has the chromosome which carries the genes and these…

Q: If a mutagen causes bases to be removed from nucleotides withinDNA, what repair system could fix…

A: By the process of mutation, bases are removed from the nucleotides.

Q: Which method is used to obtain mutants that grow under conditions that the wild type parent cannot…

A: The correct option is b) direct selection.In the direct selection method, conditions are built such…

Q: What would be the result if an organism’s telomerase were mutated and nonfunctional? a. No DNA…

A: A telomere is a region of repetitive sequences at each end of eukaryotic chromosomes. It is…

Q: Which of the following is not true of a single nucleotide polymorphism?a. It is usually caused by a…

A: Single nucleotide polymorphisms represents a difference in a single nucleotide. It occurs throughout…

Q: When does spontaneous mutation occur? A. a DNA base is an unstable tautomeric form as the…

A: Induced mutation occur after treatment of organism with mutagen. Spontaneous mutation occur as a…

Q: The experiments by Hershey and Chase helped confirm that DNA was the hereditary material on the…

A: Answer: Introduction:The Hershey–Chase experiments were a conducted experiment in 1952 by Alfred…

Q: Negative supercoiling may enhance activities like transcriptionand DNA replication because ita.…

A: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) supercoiling is the coiling of double helix upon itself. If the ends of…

Q: Discuss the process and give example on the following: a. Genome Project-write b. Mitochondrial…

A: The process of genome writing, mitochondrial DNA "spring cleaning," micro-encapsulation, and…

Q: guide DNA B. "staple" that holds DNA copies together C. DNA that is same length and has same…

A: The image shown in the question shows a typical cell containing homologous chromosome, centriole,…

Q: The form of DNA that contains genes that are actively beingtranscribed is calleda. histones.b.…

A: DNA( deoxyribonucleic acid) is the double-stranded molecule that is the genetic material in most…

Q: Using the question in the image below, identify the locations of each mutation in strains 1, 2, and…

A: Genes are short segments of DNA. They are responsible for our attributes, which are things like hair…

Q: Discuss why a genetic disease might have a particular age of onset.Would an infectious disease have…

A: Different genetic diseases result in different abnormalities in the human genome. A genetic disorder…

Q: a mutation in dna that adds +1 ot -1 nucleotide or +2 or -2 nucleotides is called a______? (choose…

A: Given condition: a mutation in dna that adds +1 ot -1 nucleotide or +2 or -2 nucleotides.  Mutation…

Q: Define the following terms: a. DNA typing b. short tandem repeats c. DNA profile d. nucleosome e.…

A: a. DNA typing: DNA typing can be defined as the procedure in which variations in the DNA strand is…

Q: Write a short note on double strand break repair with emphasis on homologous recombination? Use…

A: Mutation:It can be defined as permanent heritable changes that occur in the DNA sequence and it can…

Q: What is a noncoding, repetitive DNA sequence at the end of chromosomes? a. guanine cap b. telomerase…

A: Non-coding DNA arrangements don't code for amino acids. Many of the non-coding DNA lies between…

Q: In DNA-DNA Hybridization, sequences from two separate organisms that show partial hybridization…

A: DNA-DNA hybridization is the process of hybridization of genetic information between two different…

Q: Eukaryotes such as humans have linear chromosomes. In order to signal the end of DNA replication,…

A: DNA replication is a process by which two identical copies of DNA are made. It is completed in 3…

Q: Define the following terms: a. tiRNA b. monocistronic c. snRNPs d. antisense DNA strand e. sense DNA…

A: There are different types of DNA, RNA and proteins molecules available. Each of which perform…

Q: Compare and contrast exons and introns

A: Introduction - Noncoding regions of an RNA transcript or the DNA encoding it that are spliced off…

Q: Give three examples of DNA palindromes.

A: A palindrome is a specific sequence of nucleic acid in DNA or RNA molecule in which if we read in…

Q: You are studying bacterial cells and you find bacteria with a mutation that causes it to produce…

A: The DNA is double stranded in the bacteria .    During the replication these two strands of the DNA…

Q: Griffith discovered a “transforming factor” in bacteria that conveyed infectiousness in 1928. In…

A: Introduction: DNA stands for 'deoxyribonucleic acid' and it is the hereditary material in humans and…

Q: The human genome comprises:   a. an X and a Y chromosome.   b. 46 pairs of chromosomes.   c.…

A: A gene is a segment of DNA on a chromosome. DNA is an organism's genetic material. The strands of…

Q: The phrase “5 prime to 3 prime” refers to the_______ . a. timing of DNA replication b.…

A: The process by which DNA replicates to generate two daughter DNA strands that are identical to the…

Q: Place the following stages of a physical mapping study in theirmost logical order:A. Clone large…

A: Artificial chromosome- laboratory constructed cloning vectors that carry larger DNA insert than…

Q: Which of the following is true of reverse transcriptase?a. It is required for the movement of DNA…

A: The enzyme engaged in reverse transcription is reverse transcriptase. The enzyme works through using…

Q: The formation of pyrimidine dimers results from which of the following?  a. Spontaneous errors by…

A: Pyrimidine dimers cause mutations in the DNA. When two thymine residues in the same strand form…

Q: What we know about the organization of DNA sequences within the chromosomes making up an organism’s…

A: Introduction  Each human cell contains around 2meters of DNA which contain about 3 billion base…

Q: _____ is a change in the order of one nucleotide in a section of a DNA molecule. a Point mutation b…

A: Option A is correct because a  point mutation is a type of mutation in DNA or RNA, the cell's…

Q: Define the following terms: a. transposition b. DNA glycosylase c. apurinic site d. apyrimidinic…

A: DNA( deoxyribonucleic acid) is the double-stranded molecule that is the genetic material in most…

Q: Define the following terms: a. processivity b. replisome c. exonuclease d. DNA ligase e. replicon

A: DNA represents the genome of a variety of organisms and can exist in single-stranded or double…

Q: Viruses frequently infect bacteria and insert new genes into the genetic material of the bacteria.…

A: Viruses are intracellular, obligate parasites that contain either deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or…

Q: Which type of DNA mutation can be passed on to the next generation? a. Gamete mutation b. Somatic…

A: 1) The genome of an organism is one of the most important components that are responsible for…

Q: Which statement regarding transitions and transversions is TRUE? a) An adenine to guanine change is…

A: Genetic mutation refers to the permanent alterations in the nucleotide sequence of a DNA molecule…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.