Demand and supply of umbrellas QUESTION 2 Sludy the graph below and answer the questions that follow: 120 100 80 60 40 20 10 11 7. 8. Name the vertical/y-axis. (2) 2.1 2.2 Name the horizontal /x-axis. (2) 2.3 How many umbrelas are consumers willing to buy at a price of R70? (2)
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- .12) In the effort to reduce alcohol consumption, the government is considering a $1 tax on each gallon of liquor sold. The legal incidence of the tax will be on producers. Suppose the demand for alcohol is described by Q D = 500,000 – 20,000*P where Q D is quantity and P is price per gallon (NOTE: the inverse demand curve would be P = 25 – 0.00005*Q D ). The supply curve is described at Q S = 30,000*P (NOTE: This would make the MC curve MC = (1/30,000)*Q S ). a. Draw the supply and demand curves before the tax is imposed. Calculate the equilibrium price and quantity. b. Add the tax to the supply curve. Calculate the new price per gallon consumers pay, the price per gallon producers receive, and the new equilibrium quantity. c. Calculate the amount of revenue the tax generates. How much of the tax is paid by consumers? How much of the tax is paid by producers? d. Calculate the elasticity of demand at the original equilibrium price. Calculate the elasticity of supply at the original…12) In the effort to reduce alcohol consumption, the government is considering a $1 tax on each gallon of liquor sold. The legal incidence of the tax will be on producers. Suppose the demand for alcohol is described by Q D = 500,000 – 20,000*P where Q D is quantity and P is price per gallon (NOTE: the inverse demand curve would be P = 25 – 0.00005*Q D ). The supply curve is described at Q S = 30,000*P (NOTE: This would make the MC curve MC = (1/30,000)*Q S ). D. Calculate the elasticity of demand at the original equilibrium price. Calculate the elasticity of supply at the original equilibrium price. e. Calculate the deadweight loss of the tax. f. Suppose that if you were to disaggregate the market demand into young drinkers and old drinkers you would find that the demand for alcohol is more elastic among young drinkers than old drinkers. Which group of drinkers will change their behavior more? Which group of drinkers will bear the bigger burden of the proportion of the tax that…35-37. The market for widgets has the following supply and demand curves: Supply: P = 10 + (1/3)Q Demand: P = 100 – (1/2)Q Initially, the market is in equilibrium at P = $46, Q = 108. Questions 35 through 37 concern this market. 35. Suppose the government opens the border to free trade in widgets and foreign suppliers have a perfectly elastic supply at a price of $40 per unit. As a result the dollar value of widget imports is: A) $0 B) $40 C) $3600 D) $4800 E) $1380 F) $1200 G) $5520 H) $4140 I) $2400 J) none of the above 36. As a result of trade (rounded to the nearest dollar) the gain to society has changed by: A) -$684 B) +$684 C) -$594 D) +$594 E) -$90 F) +$90 G) -$1278 H) +$1278 I) $0 J) None of the above 37. Suppose a new study comes out that identifies widgets as a source of a health hazard, exposure to them causes cancer. The study estimates that the total global external cost of widget production and consumption is given by the following expression: Now determine (rounded to…
- The cost of producing flat-screen TVs has fallen over the past decade. Let's consider some implications of this fact.a. Draw a supply-and-demand diagram to show the effect of falling production costs on the price and quantity of flat-screen TVs sold.b. In your diagram, show what happens to consumer surplus and producer surplus.c. Suppose the supply of flat-screen TVs is very elastic. Who benefits most from falling production costs—consumers or producers of these TVs?Consider the following policies, each of which is aimed at reducing violent crime by reducing the use of guns. Illustrate the effect of each of these proposed policies in a demand and supply diagram of the gun market. For each question, show the price paid by consumers, the price received by producers, and the quantity of guns sold. What is the difference between the price paid by consumers and the price received by producers? Has the number of guns sold increased or decreased? b) a tax on gun sellersSuppose the government of the island has decided to make tomatoes more affordable to consumers by imposing a fixed per unit subsidy. Thus, start with the original demand (Qd = 50 – 5P) and supply (Qs = 5P – 25) and analyze this new intervention, the subsidy. The subsidy works like this: tomato sellers receive a $4 refund from the government for each kilogram of tomatoes they sell to consumers. • Write down the equation for the new "effective supply" curve. • Determine the new equilibrium quantity and equilibrium price. • What is the price that the consumers will pay for their tomatoes? • What is the price that the producers will effectively earn for their tomatoes, inclusive of the subsidy? • How much will the government spend on tomato subsidies in this case in total? (Recall the units of measurement: P is the price in dollars per kilogram of tomatoes; and Q is the quantity of tomatoes, expressed in thousands of kilograms.) • Produce a new graph depicting the new, post-subsidy…
- Suppose the government of the island has decided to make tomatoes more affordable to consumers by imposing a fixed per unit subsidy. Thus, start with the original demand (Qd = 50 – 5P) and supply (Qs = 5P – 25) and analyze this new intervention, the subsidy. The subsidy works like this: tomato sellers receive a $4 refund from the government for each kilogram of tomatoes they sell to consumers. Write down the equation for the new "effective supply" curve. Determine the new equilibrium quantity and equilibrium price. What is the price that the consumers will pay for their tomatoes? What is the price that the producers will effectively earn for their tomatoes, inclusive of the subsidy? How much will the government spend on tomato subsidies in this case in total? (Recall the units of measurement: P is the price in dollars per kilogram of tomatoes; and Q is the quantity of tomatoes, expressed in thousands of kilograms.) Produce a new graph depicting the new, post-subsidy equilibrium…Consider the following policies, each of which is aimed at reducing violent crime by reducing the use of guns. Illustrate by demand and supply diagrams followed with an explanation the effect of each of these proposed policies. For each question, show the price paid by consumers, the price received by producers, and the quantity of gunssold, the difference between the price paid by consumers and the price received by producers, has the number of guns sold increased or decreased] a. A tax on gun buyers b. A tax on gun sellers c. A binding price floor on guns d. A tax on gun ammunitionSuppose the market for rum can be described by the following equations: Demand: P= 10- Q, Supply: P= Q - 4, where P is the price in US dollars per unit and Q is the quantity in thousands of units. Then: 2) suppose the government imposes a tax of $1 per unit to reduce rum consumption and raise government revenues. a) what will be the new equilibrium quantity be? b) what price will the buyer pay? c) what amount per unit will the seller recieve?
- Suppose the demand and supply curves are described byMC = 1.11 + 0.89QWTP = 8.92 - 0.83QSuppose the price is 6.37.A. Given the price above, is there a shortage or a surplus? Surplus Shortage B. What is the value of the shortage or surplus? Only enter a positive number.Assume that the monthly demand for Gala apple in the US is given by q=1200-300p and quantity is in million pounds. The monthly supply of Gala is q= -200+400p for p>$0.5. 1) Now assume that the government has imposed a quantity tax equal to $0.14 on each pound of apple. What is the new equilibrium consumer price, producer price and quantity? 2) Now assume that the government has imposed a quantity tax equal to $0.14 on each pound of apple. Assume that the retail stores are legally obliged to collect this tax. What is the consumers' share of the tax in cents per unit? What about producers? 3) Now assume that the government has imposed a quantity tax equal to $0.14 on each pound of apple. Assume that the retail stores are legally obliged to collect this tax. The new consumer surplus is? What about the new producers surplus?Gasoline "prices at the pump" go up and down, and Oil "costs per barrel" go up or down, but they do so at different rates and even in opposite directions sometimes. We want to think that demand and supply control prices where the cost of crude oil is set by the same economic conditions that determine the gas price. What are these mismatched trends (graphs of each are shown in the following web links) telling us about how demand and supply work in the market? http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=EER_EPMRU_PF4_Y35NY_DPG&f=A http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=RWTC&f=A