Describe how lytic bacteriophages are released from their host cells.

Q: Describe the reason behind the occurrence of phage growth and release by the mating with the…

A: Bacteriophages frequently transition between the lytic and lysogenic states. The two gene regulatory…

Q: Describe the classes of antibacterial drugs that act on DNA orRNA, and characterize their uses.

A: Antibacterial drugs refers to those chemical substance that are derived from biological sources or…

Q: How do bacteriophages benefit and harm human hosts?

A: Viruses are the obligate intracellular parasite. They always hijack the host cell machinery and they…

Q: Describe how each of the following bacteriophages M13, G4 and X174 initate replication.

A: The replication in the bacteriophage is by two types lysogenic and lytic cycle in lysogenic cycle…

Q: Describe how HIV replicates in host cells

A: Step 1 Human immunodeficiency virus or HIV is a rounded enveloped retrovirus with a core having two…

Q: Give an example of a cytolytic exotoxin and a superantigenexotoxin, as well as the bacteria that…

A: Various microbial species are known to contaminate food and beverages and cause infections in the…

Q: Define what is bacteriophage ?

A: Viruses which use bacteria as their host to survive and multiply are known as Bacteriophages.

Q: Describe a lytic cycle.  Describe a lysogenic cycle.

A: The lytic and lysogenic phase of bacteriophage indicates the Infection and incorporation of the…

Q: briefly describe four explanations why E. coli phages can only infect E. coli cells, but not other…

A: Question - briefly describe four explanation why E.coli phage can only infect E.coli cells, but not…

Q: describe what are Bacteriophage

A: Viruses are submicroscopic infectious agents that replicate only inside organisms living cells. They…

Q: Create a flow chart that summarizes the life cycle of influenza virus, noting the specific…

A: Influenza is a viral infection caused by the influenza virus that commonly affects the lungs, nose,…

Q: Describe the structural features of the human immunodeficiency virusand the host cell membrane that…

A: A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent. It replicates only inside the living cells of an…

Q: Describe the classes of viruses based on theirgenomic characteristics. For each class, describe how…

A: Virome is a term used to define the total genome of viral population in a given population. Viral…

Q: Describe the process of reverse transcription of HIV RNA.

A: In the process of reverse transcription a complementary DNA (cDNA) is generated from an RNA…

Q: A lytic bacteriophage produces Lysozyme and Holin, which causes a host cell to lyse. At which point…

A: Bacteriophage A bacteriophage is described as a bacteria-infected by a virus (bacteria + phage or…

Q: Describe Specialized transduction: transfer of specific genetic material by means of a virus…

A: Transduction is the process in which the foreign DNA is inserted into a cell by a viral vector or…

Q: Draw a diagram of the one-step growth curve ofvirus replication, and briefly explain why the…

A: The bacteria and viruses are totally different from each other. They are different from each other…

Q: The first phase in the multiplication of Bacteriophages is

A: Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria.

Q: Bacteriophages can recognize the host cell by:

A: Hello. Since your question has multiple parts, we will solve first question for you. If you want…

Q: Describe the stages in the multiplication cycle of bacteriophages.

A: Bacteriophage : It is the virus which infects bacteria . So we call it bacteriophage.  There are two…

Q: Explain the lytic cycle of a bacteriophages life cycle.

A: Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. The term "bacteriophage" literally means "bacteria…

Q: Describe the difference between lytic and lysogenic bacteriophage.

A: Bacteriophages are the virus particles that have the ability to invade and affect the bacterial…

Q: Briefly describe the two approaches a bacteriophagecan take to trigger an infection once inside its…

A: A virus can be defined as a submicroscopic organism that consists of genetic information either in…

Q: Discuss the penetration of the T4 bacteriophage during replication or infection?

A: Phages are viruses that use bacterial as a host cell.

Q: Could bacteriophages be used to combat bacterial diseases?

A: Bacteriophages cause bacteria to rupture or lyse, resulting in their death.

Q: Characterize bacteriophages.

A:

Q: Describe the two main ways by which viral nucleic acid is introduced into the host cells

A: Viral infection causes stimulation of various specific and nonspecific types of immunity in the…

Q: Explain the role of RNase H (a component of reverse transcriptase)during the synthesis of HIV DNA.

A:

Q: Explain how prions cause disease.

A: The virions and prions are non-cellular infectious agents. These substances are smaller than viruses…

Q: Describe the Cytopathic changes in cells and cell cultures infected by viruses.

A: Viruses are parasites that become active in their host cells only.

Q: Describe cytopathic effects of viruses and the possible results ofpersistent viral infections.

A: Virus are micro organisms that are highly pathogenic in nature. The viruses are considered both as…

Q: List the Events in the lytic cycle of T-even bacteriophages.

A: Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites and they depend on host cells for reproduction and…

Q: Describe in general terms how bacteriophage lambda regulates the switch between lytic and lysogenic…

A: Bacteriophages are very small viral particles that infect bacterial host cells. The replication of…

Q: Define and compare a bacteriophage lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle.

A: Bacteriophage is a type of virus that infects bacteria. In fact, the term "bacteriophage" literally…

Q: Can a bacteriophage infect a human?

A: The micro-organism is the organism that is too small to be seen with the naked eye. It is viewed by…

Q: Describe the difference between the bacteriophage lytic and lysogenic cycle.

A: Phages are among the most widespread entities in the biosphere. It is assumed that there exist about…

Q: Describe the lysogenic pathway of a virus.  How different is it from the lytic pathway?

A: Viruses They are microscopic microorganisms. They can multiply only inside the host cell as they…

Q: Explain Gene therapy with viral vectors?

A: Gene therapy is a medical technique that is used in the treatment of diseases by the help of genes.…

Q: In which bacteriophage life cycle does the phage DNA become incorporated into the bacterial…

A: The viruses that infect bacteria are known as bacteriophages and they played a central role in…

Q: Differentiate a segmented genome from the genome of a retrovirus

A: Viruses are particles composed of capsid and genome.

Q: Outline the sequence of events that compromise the mechanism used by a bacteriophage in order to…

A: Bacteriophages are very small viral particles that infect bacterial host cells. The replication of…

Q: outline the sequence of events that comprise the mechanism used by a bacteriophage in order to…

A: Bacterial cell - Bacteria is a prokaryotic cell. It do not contains well defined nucleus. Bacteria…

Q: Describe the events that take place at the replication fork during replication of DNA of Escherichia…

A: Replication fork is Y shape structure  formed during replication. It mainly occurs in elongation…

Q: Explain the HxNx designation of an influenza virus. How does x change?

A: Influenza virus can only replicate using the host cell’s replication machinery. For this, the virus…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.