Genetic Recombination
Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.
Microbial Genetics
Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.
Describe the factors that contribute to a bacterium being naturally transformation competent
Natural transformation competency in a bacterium is defined as a physiological state in which the bacterium take up the genetic material from their surroundings. The genetic material that enters the cell gets connected with the bacterium's own genetic material. As a result the bacterium is said to be naturally transformed.
This phenomenon is considered as a primary mode of horizontal gene transfer. Along with this there are two other ways of gene transfer in bacteria. This include conjugation and transduction via phage. In the former one, the gene transfer takes place via direct cell to cell transfer via a conjugal pilus and in the later one, the gene transfer is mediated via viruses.
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