Describe the origins of allergies to infectious agents and contactdermatitis.

Q: Relate the primary methods of diagnosing, treating, and preventingallergies.

A: Allergy can be defined as an immune-mediated inflammatory response to common environmental allergens…

Q: Describe the pathology of arboviral disease.

A: A disease is a particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the function or structure of…

Q: Describe the range of pathologies seen in poliovirus infection.

A: The poliovirus is the virus responsible for causing polio (poliomyelitis). It belongs to the family…

Q: Relate the eff ect of M. leprae to the physical manifestation of the disease.

A: Mycobacterium leprae is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive, obligate intracellular pathogen that causes…

Q: Describe the characteristics of allergies to infectious agents and contact dermatitis.

A: A disease is a state of unhealthiness of the physical body, mind and social interaction. A disease…

Q: a. Explain the rationale for each of the followingwith acute inflammation: (i) warmth, (ii) fever.b.…

A: Inflammation is the action of the immune system against disease causing antigens. There are two…

Q: Suggest some possible physiological benefits of allergy.

A: Allergy is a body response in which the immune system is overly sensitive, producing an exaggerated…

Q: Describe the causes, prevention, and treatment of HDN.

A: It is seen in the fetus or newborn. There is rapid destruction of the RBC (red blood cells).

Q: Explain the stages in the course of infection and disease.

A: A sickness is an aberrant situation in which the body's stability is thrown off. It could be caused…

Q: Describe the disorder systemic lupus erythematosus, itspathophysiology, clinical manifestations,…

A: Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system of the host attacks…

Q: Describe the clinical stages of infection

A: Clinical infections are the diseases caused by the microbes such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and…

Q: Describe general characteristics of type I allergic reactions.

A: In physiology, the allergic reactions are refers as hypersensitive reactions which takes place…

Q: Explain the association between M. leprae infection and deformationof the fingers and toes.

A: The medical condition of leprosy is otherwise known as Hansen's disease (HD). This infection is…

Q: Explain the signifi cance of XDR TB and MRSA.

A: The category of microorganism that causes the most diverse and extensive infections and diseases in…

Q: Compare and contrast viral meningitis with viral encephalitis.

A: Viral meningitis , also known as aseptic meningitis , is a type of meningitis due to a viral…

Q: Explain what may be done to reduce the threat ofemerging and reemerging diseases.

A: Techniques to diminish the danger of arising and reappearing infections: -  Antibiotics and…

Q: Explain if there is a cure for meningococcal meningitis? Is curable, what are the possible…

A: Meningococcal meningitis is the inflammation of meninges caused due to Neisseria meningitidis…

Q: What are the clinical signs of acute inflammation? (redness, swelling, heat, pain, loss of function)…

A: Acute inflammation sets in seconds to minutes after tissues are injured. It has four…

Q: Characterize the patterns of transmission for communicable diseases.

A: Communicable diseases are diseases that are transmitted by infectious agents like viruses, bacteria,…

Q: Explain how salpingitis may develop in women withchlamydial infection.

A: Nursing is the profession of healthcare that delivers care to the patient in order to cure them and…

Q: Explain the pathogenesis with common clinical presentation of celiac’s disease

A: Celiac disease is characterised by small injury of intestinal mucosa and malabsorption of nutrients…

Q: Compare paralytic and nonparalytic polio.

A: The polio is the viral disease that destroys the nerve cells present in the spinal cord causing…

Q: Identify the two clinical forms of anaphylaxis and also explain which one is more fatal than other.

A: The early onset of allergic reactions to certain antigens is the basic mechanism shared by all type…

Q: Describe general characteristics of allergic reactions.

A: The hypersensitivity reactions are undesirable reactions which are produced by the normal immune…

Q: Explain how dumping syndrome develops and list the signsassociated with the syndrome.

A: Digestion is the process that helps to degrade the complex molecules that are present in the food…

Q: Explain the differences between communicable and noncommunicableinfectious diseases, and between…

A: Based on the way of transmission of diseases, the diseases are classified various types. Based on…

Q: Describe meningitis and the causes

A: Meningitis can be described as the inflammation of the meninges. Meninges are the coverings of the…

Q: Define zoonosis and describe the difficulties in controllingzoonotic infections.

A: Zoonosis is an infection that can be transmitted between animals and humans. Animals carrying…

Q: List three local signs of infection and three systemic signs andexplain what is causing these signs.

A: Infection is the invasion and multiplication of the microorganisms in the body such as bacteria,…

Q: Explain the effects of anaphylaxis.

A: Anaphylaxis is the severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that occurs when someone is exposed to…

Q: Relate the formation of plaque to periodontitis.

A: Teeth are small, hard, white enamel-covered structure found in jaws of several vertebrates. The…

Q: Explain Management of Sleep Apnea?

A: Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder in which an individual stops breathing repeatedly during sleep. This…

Q: List the systemic responses to infection or injury and the mediators responsible for them

A: systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is an exaggerated defense response of the body to a…

Q: List the three forms of major illness affecting the nervous system caused by poliovirus infections.

A: Polio is a threatening viral disease which is caused by the polio virus. It can affect the polio…

Q: Describe several factors that influence types and severity of allergicresponses.

A: The hypersensitivity reactions are undesirable reactions which are produced by the normal immune…

Q: Determine the link between Streptococcus pyogenes infection and some types of obsessive-compulsive…

A: A Gram-positive bacterium called Streptococcus pyogenes is responsible for a number of illnesses…

Q: Compare the disease processes or pathologies that are inflammatory in nature with those of gout

A: A disease is a specific aberrant condition that affects the structure or function of all or part of…

Q: Give explanation on modes of transmission in communicable diseases.

A: A communicable disease is defined as a disease that can be transmitted from one person to another in…

Q: List the systemic responses to infection or injury and the mediators responsible for them?

A: The systemic responses to injury or trauma are divided into cardiovascular, immunological, and…

Q: Outline the primary mechanisms in contact dermatitis.

A: The hypersensitivity or allergic reaction is defined as the state of altered reactivity in which the…

Q: State the common diagnostic tests for infection and thepurpose of each.

A: The diagnostic test is used to collect the clinical information for making a clinical decision. The…

Q: Explain the genetic and environmental factors that influence allergy development.

A: An antibody against a harmless chemical is activated as a result of an allergic reaction that the…

Q: Discuss the difference between encephalitis and meningitis.

A: Introduction:  The brain is the major organ that serves as the regulatory centre of the nervous…

Defense Mechanism

Circumstances influence and compel people to behave in a certain way. One such behavior is a defense mechanism. It is employed by people to escape from unpleasant circumstances, thoughts and actions. Defense mechanisms are, thus, psychological strategies that help to avert and avoid unwanted feelings such as guilt or shame and situations such as threat and danger.