Describe why a doctor would give a patient that is diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction the treatment of tissue plasminogen activator(tPA)? What will it do?
Describe why a doctor would give a patient that is diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction the treatment of tissue plasminogen activator(tPA)? What will it do?
Myocardial infarction is referred to as tissue death of heart muscle or heart attack it occurs when blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked causing tissue damage.
There is a blockage in the coronary artery due to the formation of a blood clot known as thrombus.
Tissue plasminogen activator(tPA) is a serine protease involved in the breakdown of blood clots. It helps in the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin.
It is due to the blockage in one or more arteries, it is caused by complete occlusion of the coronary artery with thrombus.
Myocardial infarction symptoms include:
1)Pain in the chest, shortness of breath
2) Pressure or tightness in the chest
3) Sweating
4)Anxiety
Causes include Bad cholesterol, saturated fats, trans fat.
Tissue plasminogen activator(tPA) is a proteolytic enzyme that is synthesized in vascular endothelial cells that cleave the peptide bonds helping in the dissolution of blood.
tPA is thrombolytic it breaks blood clots by forming aggregates of activated platelets into fibrin meshes by activating plasminogen.
Plasminogen is a proenzyme of plasmin.
It cleaves the zymogen plasminogen at a particular peptide bond to form serine protease and plasmin.
Mechanism:
1) tPA bind to fibrin on the surface of the blood clot
2) Activates the fibrin-bound plasminogen
3) Plasmin is cleaved from plasminogen affiliated with the fibrin.
4) The molecules of fibrin are broken up by the plasmin and hence the blood clot dissolves.
5) After its action tPA is inhibited by plasminogen activator inhibitor 1(PAI 1).
The various examples of tissue plasminogen activator include alteplase, reteplase, tenecteplase.
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