Discuss the following barriers to international diversification. 1. Segmented markets 2. Lack of liquidity 3. Exchange rate controls 4. Less developed capital markets 5. Exchange rate risk 6. Lack of information
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Discuss the following barriers to international diversification.
1. Segmented markets
2. Lack of liquidity
3. Exchange rate controls
4. Less developed capital markets
5. Exchange rate risk
6. Lack of information
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- Discuss and illustrate how the following barriers affect diversification of portfolios into international markets: Segmented markets Exchange rate controls Less developed capital markets Exchange rate riskWhich of the following statements is the MOST accurate? A) International trade in assets can make both parties to the trade better off by allowing them to reduce the riskiness of return by portfolio diversification. B) International trade in assets can make both parties to the trade worse off by allowing them to increase the riskiness of return by portfolio diversification. C) International trade in assets can make both parties to the trade worse off by allowing them to eliminate all risk by portfolio unification. D) International trade in assets can make both parties to the trade better off by allowing them to eliminate all risk by portfolio unification. do not plagiarise please thnkuBecause capital flows were an important element in the currency crises, it has been advocated that emerging markets countries avoid the financial instability by restricting capital mobility. Assess the extent to which you agree with this statement.
- Compare the strategies of pooling risk and diversification as methods of reducing the risks of international lending.Investors and MNCs exporting or importing goods and services or making foreign investments throughout the global economy are faced with an exchange rate risk,which can have severe financial consequences on firms profitability,cash flows,and their market value,if not managed appropriately. MNC's use a number of external techniques of risk(exposure)management and resort to contractual relationships outside thier companies in order to reduce (or redistribute)the risk of foreign exchange losses.What are the determinants of hedging currency risk or foreign exchange exposures which pose risks to MNC's cashflows,competitiveness,marker value and financial reporting.1. Explain the differences and similarities between Forward, Futures, andOptions. Then why can there be a Long Term Funding Deficit related to a company's cash flows? and Explain the meaning of international parity conditions, and why it can be used to predict exchange rates. and what is the meaning of foreign exchange exposure and types of foreign exchange exposure faced by multinational companies.
- What are the criteria for selecting between hedging or diversification to manage risk in the foreign exchange market?What do you know about arbitrage opportunity? Discuss with examples. Also, present a scenario of any type of international arbitrage if possible. If so, how would it be executed and how would market forces be affected? Does arbitrage opportunity destabilize foreign exchange markets?Which of the following is/are TRUE with respect to spot market liquidity? I. The market liquidity improves if more buyers and sellers willing to participate in the currency trading. II. The spot markets for heavily traded currencies such as the Euro and Pound are very liquid. III. A currency's liquidity affects the ease with which an MNC can obtain or sell that currency. IV. If a currency is illiquid, an MNC is typically able to quickly purchase that currency at a reasonable exchange rate. A. I, II, III B. I, III, IV C. II, III, IV D. I, II
- Which of the following is not an argument for central bank intervention? Exchange rates are highly volatile. Exchange rate fluctuations have an adverse effect on the macroeconomy. The market knows better than economic policy makers what the appropriate level of the exchange rate is. Central bank intervention can smooth out fluctuations in exchange rates.A key issue facing financial executives of multinational firms is exposure to exchange rate changes.a. Define exposure, differentiating between accounting and economic exposure. What role does inflation play?b. Describe at least three circumstances under which economic exposure is likely to exist? c. Of what relevance are the international Fisher effect and purchasing power parity to your answers to parts a and b? d. What is exchange risk, as distinct from exposureExplain why the following statement is true or false: “The smaller and less liquid markets and currency markets frequently demonstrate behaviors that follow the principles outlined by the different schools of thought on exchange rate determination (parity conditions, balance of payments approach, and asset approach) relatively well in the medium to long term.”