Dopamine is a neurotransmitter produced by the nervous system that is involved in the pleasure/reward system in the brain. The release of dopamine in response to a stimulus produces feelings of happiness and satisfaction. Cocaine is a type of drug that affects the brain response to dopamine. Usually after dopamine is released into the synaptic cleft, it is quickly re-absorbed into the neuron using dopamine transporters. However, cocaine blocks these transporters which causes dopamine to remain in the synaptic cleft for a long period of time. How would this impact the neuron's ability to communicate? Neurons will produce smaller action potentials because more dopamine is binding to receptors on the neuron, preventing the neuron from reaching the threshold potential Neurons will be under-stimulated because dopamine will bind to receptors and prevent ions from moving into the neuron, preventing electrical signaling Neurons will produce larger action potentials because more dopamine is binding to receptors on the neuron, leading to a larger electrical impulse Neurons will be overstimulated because dopamine will interact with receptors longer than normal, triggering more electrical impulses

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter produced by the nervous system that is involved in the pleasure/reward system in the brain. The release of dopamine in response to a stimulus produces feelings of happiness and satisfaction. Cocaine is a type of drug that affects the brain response to dopamine. Usually after dopamine is released into the synaptic cleft, it is quickly re-absorbed into the neuron using dopamine transporters. However, cocaine blocks these transporters which causes dopamine to remain in the synaptic cleft for a long period of time. How would this impact the neuron's ability to communicate? Neurons will produce smaller action potentials because more dopamine is binding to receptors on the neuron, preventing the neuron from reaching the threshold potential Neurons will be under-stimulated because dopamine will bind to receptors and prevent ions from moving into the neuron, preventing electrical signaling Neurons will produce larger action potentials because more dopamine is binding to receptors on the neuron, leading to a larger electrical impulse Neurons will be overstimulated because dopamine will interact with receptors longer than normal, triggering more electrical impulses

Anatomy & Physiology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168130

Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Publisher:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Chapter12: The Nervous System And Nervous Tissue

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8ILQ: Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/neurotrans) to learn about the release of a...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/neurotrans) to learn about the release of a neurotransmitter. The action potential reaches the end of the axon, called the axon terminal, and a chemical signal is released to tell the target cell to do something, either initiate a new action potential, or to suppress that activity. In a very short space, the electrical signal of the action potential is changed into the chemical signal of a neurotransmitter, and then back to electrical changes in the target cell membrane. What is the importance of voltage-gated calcium channels in the release of neurotransmitters?
When action potentials arrive at a synapse between a neuron and another cell, they stimulate the release of molecules of a ________ that diffuse over to that cell.
Which of the following is NOT an example of communication that happens from one neuron to another neuron? A. Endocrine signaling (ex. hormones secreted into the blood stream travel and bind to receptors on dstant cells). B. Retrograde neurotransmission (ex.the dendrite releases a neuroactive substance that binds to receptors on the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron). C. Electrical communication via propagation of action potential from one node of ranvier to the next node of ranvier. D. Volume transmission (ex. neuropeptides diffuse away from the synapse and bind to receptors on adjacent cells) E. Electrical communication through gap junctions.
Which of the following is FALSE about action potentials? At resting potential, there are more potassium channels open and most sodium channels are closed. Depolarization is due to the flow of Na+ out of the axon via voltage-gated Na+ channels. Hyperpolarization is due to continued loss of K+ from the axon. During repolarization, K+ flows out of the axon along its concentration gradient. Resting membrane potential is primarily established by the Na+/K+ pump.
Action potentials are changes in membrane potential that are localized to a small area of the plasma membrane. However, an action potential can trigger the formation of a new action potential nearby. This cycle can repeat to produce conduction of the action potential down the length of the axon. Explain this process.
During a typical action potential in a nerve, which of the following is happening? Multiple choices A. Voltage gated K+ channels are allowing for influx of potassium B. All of these are happening C. Na/K pumps are pumping Na+ in and K+ out D. Voltage gated Na+ channels are allowing for efflux of sodium E. Leak K+ current, with K+ exiting the nerve
A drug is called an agonist if it ________.a. blocks a receptorb. interferes with neurotransmitter reuptakec. acts like the endogenous neurotransmitter bybinding to its receptord. blocks the voltage-gated calcium ion channel
Parkinson's Disease Parkinson's disease is neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement. Most people affected with Parkinson's disease demonstrate rigidity, slow movement, and shaking. The symptoms of Parkinson's disease occur when the cells that produce dopamine neurotransmitters die in the brain. Explain how the signal transmission at a synapse in an individual with Parkinson's disease is different than an unaffected individual. Describe the normal process of signal transmission at a synapse. Start with the arrival of an action potential at the axon terminal and include the name of the neurotransmitter that is affected by Parkinson's disease. Explain how the process is different in individuals affected with Parkinson's disease.
Which of the following statements is not true about neurons? When there is no active nerve impulse, the concentration of Na+ ions outside of the cell is greater than inside the cell After a nerve impulse passes a region of the axon, that region will not be able to carry another impulse again for a brief period of time When a nerve impulse occurs, sodium channels in the axon open first, followed by potassium channels The inside of an axon is typically negatively charged compared to the outside of an axon The cell uses energy to actively pump Na+ ions into the axon and K+ ions out of the axon.
Transmission of the nerve signal across a synapse is accomplishedby thea. movement of Na+ and K+.b. release of a neurotransmitter by a dendrite.c. release of a neurotransmitter by an axon.d. release of a neurotransmitter by a cell body.e. All of these are correct.
What type of synaptic potential (if any; be sure to indicate if any modification is occurring as well) would occur if: a.) An MAO inhibitor type of antidepressant is functioning at an active dopaminergic synapse that increases the rate of sodium flowing into the cell. b.) Prozac is present at an active serotonin synapse where receptor activation increases the flow of potassium out of the cell.
What membrane protein of the neuron is responsible for briefly increasing the Na+ permeability of the membrane during the rising phase of the nerve impulse? the sodium-potassium pump the voltage gated potassium channel the voltage gated sodium channel the stimulus gated sodium channel the ligand gated ion channels