Draw typical compaction curves for standard and modified compaction energies on the same plot along with zero air voids line. Discuss why the plot is given in terms of dry unit weight and not bulk unit weight. Also explain the significance of zero air voids line.

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Soil Compaction Test

Soil compaction is the major area of geotechnical engineering. Soil is composed of multiple pores present on its surface, while the soil is mainly composed of gravel, sand, rocks, etc. The arrangement of these rocks and gravels is such that they build up voids (spaces) between them, which allows spaces for the roots of the plants and crops to spread and absorb the required amount of nutrients. Soil compaction is a major problem primarily caused by human activities, micro-organisms, and other multiple factors.