Economics 3. Please explain why the DD curve in the following figure Exchange rate, E DD E² А4² y1 V2 Output, Y has positive slope and the AA curve has the negative slope. Second please explain how to get out of the recession by increaisng money supply in the graph. E¹ AA!
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- On June 5, 2003, the European Central Bank acted to decreasethe short-term interest rate in Europe by half a percentagepoint, to 2 percent. The bank’s president at the time, WillemDuisenberg, suggested that, in the future, the bank could reducerates further. The rate cut was made because European coun-tries were growing very slowly or were in recession. What effectdid the bank hope the action would have on the economy? Bespecific. What was the hoped-for result on C, I, and Y?1Why low rate inflation is considered necessary for economic grwoth? Oa It does not affect the purchasing power of wages Ob. It indicates that the currency is in continuous demand by the people Oc taffects only the rich and not the poor Od itact as an incentive to boost in supply in the economy 2When the economy is in Keynesian macroeconomic equilibrium, planned investment is greater than actual investment. O a False O b. True 3Government fixes the floor and ceiling price which will not allow the producers to increase the price on their wish, this is a type of. O a Physical control called price pegging O b. Monetary policy control measures O. Physical control called price tagging Od. Fiscal policy control measures O e None 4Rising output coupled with falling prices is called stagflation O a. False O b. True 5The Value of marginal propensity to consume lies O a. O to 1 O b. Less than zero Oc -1 to 1 Od. Between O to 1 6The Central Bank way to control inflation is Oa Monetary policy…Consumption, ? = 0.8?? + 80,Tax, ? = 0.3? + 10Investment, ? = −30r + 800Money supply, ?s = 8000 andMoney demands: ?1 = 0.2?, ?2 = −20? + 4000i. Determine the values of national income, ?, and interest rate, ?, on the assumption thatboth the commodity and the money markets are in equilibrium.ii. Identify the autonomous components and induced components among the aboveequations. Explain the reasons why the components have been identified as autonomousor induced.
- Suppose that the money demand function is(M/P)d = 1,000 - 100r, where r is the interest rate in percent. Themoney supply M is 1,000 and the price level Pis 2.a. Graph the supply and demand for real moneybalances.b. What is the equilibrium interest rate?c. Assume that the price level is fixed. Whathappens to the equilibrium interest rate if thesupply of money is raised from 1,000 to 1,200?d. If the Fed wishes to raise the interest rate to7 percent, what money supply should it set?Suppose that Dell Corporation has 20,000 computersin its warehouses on December 31, 2019, ready tobe shipped to merchants (each computer is valued at$500). By December 31, 2020, Dell Corporation has25,000 computers ready to be shipped, each valuedat $450.a. Calculate Dell’s inventory on December 31, 2019.b. Calculate Dell’s inventory investment in 2020.c. What happens to inventory spending during theearly stages of an economic recession?Consider the following IS-LM model:C=200+0.25YdI=150+0.25Y-1000iG=250T=200Real Money Demand=M/P=2Y-8000iReal Money Supply=1600a. Derive the IS relation.b. Derive the LM relation.c. Solve for equilibrium real output and interest rate and show it in a graph, draw IS and LM curves.d. Solve for values of C, G and I and verify that they add up to Y you obtained in part c.e. Now suppose that the money supply increases to M/P=1840. Solve for Y, i, C and I and describe inwords the effects of an expansionary monetary policy. Show the change in a graph.f. Set M/P to its initial value of 1600. Now suppose that government spending increases to G=400.Summarise the effects of an expansionary fiscal policy on Y, i, C. Use a graph to show the shift in ISand/or LM.
- Empirical evidence suggests that many consumers tend to spend all of their current disposable income immediately. Is this irrational? Discuss Hint: use at least 2 or 3 of the consumption thoeries( Keynesian consumption theory, permanent income hypothesis theory,)Question Four Assume the following IS-LM model: Expenditure Sector AD = C + I + GC = 130+ (4/5) YD YD = Y-TT = 100+1/4Y1 = 300-20i G = 150 Where, Ms = Real Money Supply Md Real Money Demand C = Consumption T = Taxes | = Investment G = Government Purchases (a) (b) Derive equations for the IS and LM Schedules. Money Sector Ms = 350 Md = (1/3)Y+200-10i What are the equilibrium levels of income and the interest rate? (c) (d) (e) (f) Use your answers in part (b) above to determine the equilibrium values of Consumption and Investment. Is the goods market in equilibrium? Explain. Suppose the government increases its expenditures by GH¢200 million. i. How much and in what direction will the IS curve shift? ii. iii. Write down the equations that describe the new IS curve. What are the new equilibrium interest rate r1* and the equilibrium level of income y1*? How would your answer in part (d) above change if the relevant investment function is i = 340-40i? Using your answers to parts (d) and (e)…Suppose a researcher discovers that a measure of thetotal amount of debt in the U.S. economy over thepast 20 years was a better predictor of inflation andthe business cycle than M1 or M2. Does this discoverymean that we should define money as equal to the totalamount of debt in the economy?
- Occasionally, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)sets a policy designed to “track” the interest rate. This meansthat the FOMC is pursuing policies designed to keep the interestrate constant. If, in fact, the Fed were acting to counter anyincreases or decreases in the interest rate to keep it constant,what specific actions would you expect to see the Fed take if thefollowing were to occur? (In answering, indicate the effects ofeach set of events on Y, C, S, I, Ms, Md, and r.)a. An unexpected increase in investor confidence leads to asharp increase in orders for new plants and equipment.b. A major New York bank fails, causing a number of worried peo-ple (not trusting even the FDIC) to withdraw a substantialamount of cash from other banks and put it in their cookie jarsa. If money supply is increased by 10, what will be the new interest rate? Round your answers to one decimal place. Pabst: 5 Numeric ResponseEdit Unavailable. 5 correct.% Kokanee: 6 Numeric ResponseEdit Unavailable. 6 correct.% b. What will be the increase in investment spending as a result of this new interest rate? Pabst: 60 Numeric ResponseEdit Unavailable. 60 incorrect. Kokanee: 50 Numeric ResponseEdit Unavailable. 50 incorrect. c. If the multiplier is 3 in each economy, what will be the increase in GDP? Pabst: Kokanee: d. In which economy would monetary policy be more effective in closing a recessionary gap? Pabst Can you please help with B, CLabor Market Y = α (5N – 0.0025N2), where α = 2; N = labor The supply of labor, NS isNS = 55 + 10(1-t)w where t- tax rate = 0.5, w = real wage rate Good Market The desired consumption, Cd is Cd = 300 + 0.8(Y – T) – 200rWhere Y = income, T = taxes, r = real interest rate T= 20 + 0.5YG= 50Desired investment, Id:Id = 258.5 – 250r Money Market Demand for money, Md/P: Md/P = 0.5Y – 250(r + πe), where πe = 0.02 (expected inflation) Money supply = Ms = 9150 a)Find the equilibrium w, Y and N.b)Find the IS-curve and the equilibrium r, C and I.c)Find the LM-curve and the equilibrium P.d)If G increased to 72.5, find the equilibrium w, P, N, r, C and I.e)Discuss the differences between the equilibrium values in d) with a), b) and c). What is your conclusion with regard to the effectiveness of fiscal policy in this model?