Experimental plant's genotype: FRI/FRI; FLC/FLC; vin3/vin3 Environmental treatment: 16 hours light/8 hours dark; 30 days 4C, followed by 23C Late O Same Early
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- Plants reproduce through various methods. Explain which method helps to create genetic variability in crop plants? Moreover elaborate mechanisms promoting self or cross pollination.A mutation that breaks which of the following genes would be most likely to produce theanthocyanless phenotype of the green-stem Wisconsin Fast Plants (meaning no purple stems):PAL, CHS, C3H, FLS, or DFR? Explain your reasoning.Because snapdragons (Antirrhinum) possess the pigment anthocyanin, they have reddish purple petals.Two pure anthocyaninless lines of Antirrhinum weredeveloped, one in California and one in Holland. Theylooked identical in having no red pigment at all, manifested as white (albino) flowers. However, when petalsfrom the two lines were ground up together in buffer inthe same test tube, the solution, which appeared colorless at first, gradually turned red.a. What control experiments should an investigatorconduct before proceeding with further analysis?b. What could account for the production of the redcolor in the test tube?c. According to your explanation for part b, what wouldbe the genotypes of the two lines?d. If the two white lines were crossed, what would youpredict the phenotypes of the F1 and F2 to be?
- A wide-ranging survey of Nicotonia growing in its natural environment recorded a variation in corolla length ranging from 12mm to 47mm with a variance of 36.5. Subsequently, collected seeds were grown in a greenhouse and it was found that the range was now very much lower with most plants having similar corolla lengths and the variance was now only 8.4. After the plants had grown to maturity and formed seed, seeds were collected from plants with either the shortest and or the longest corollas in the population and planted separately in the greenhouse. When flowers were formed it was found that the variance of the plants with the shortest flowers was now 4.2 while that of the flowers from the longest seeds had become 13.7 So,Calculate the new values for heritability in the different groups of plants and explain why this difference may arise.A wide-ranging survey of Nicotonia growing in its natural environment recorded a variation in corolla length ranging from 12mm to 47mm with a variance of 36.5. Subsequently, collected seeds were grown in a greenhouse and it was found that the range was now very much lower with most plants having similar corolla lengths and the variance was now only 8.4. After the plants had grown to maturity and formed seed, seeds were collected from plants with either the shortest and or the longest corollas in the population and planted separately in the greenhouse. When flowers were formed it was found that the variance of the plants with the shortest flowers was now 4.2 while that of the flowers from the longest seeds had become 13.7 Thus, calculate the new values for heritability in the different groups of plants and explain why this difference may arise.A wide-ranging survey of Nicotonia growing in its natural environment recorded a variation in corolla length ranging from 12mm to 47mm with a variance of 36.5. Subsequently, collected seeds were grown in a greenhouse and it was found that the range was now very much lower with most plants having similar corolla lengths and the variance was now only 8.4. After the plants had grown to maturity and formed seed, seeds were collected from plants with either the shortest and or the longest corollas in the population and planted separately in the greenhouse. When flowers were formed it was found that the variance of the plants with the shortest flowers was now 4.2 while that of the flowers from the longest seeds had become 13.7 Calculate the values for heritability in the different groups of plants and explain why this difference may arise.
- In roses, the synthesis of red pigment is by two steps ina pathway, as follows:colorless intermediate gene Pmagenta intermediate red pigment gene Qa. What would the phenotype be of a plant homozygousfor a null mutation of gene P?b. What would the phenotype be of a plant homozygousfor a null mutation of gene Q?c. What would the phenotype be of a plant homozygousfor null mutations of genes P and Q?d. Write the genotypes of the three strains in parts a, b,and c.e. What F2 ratio is expected from crossing plants fromparts a and b? (Assume independent assortment.)A snapdragon with pink petals, black anthers, and longstems was allowed to self-fertilize. From the resultingseeds, 650 adult plants were obtained. The phenotypesof these offspring are listed here.78 red long tan26 red short tan44 red long black15 red short black39 pink long tan13 pink short tan204 pink long black68 pink short black5 white long tan2 white short tan117 white long black39 white short blacka. Using P for one allele and p for the other, indicatehow flower color is inherited.b. What numbers of red : pink : white would havebeen expected among these 650 plants?c. How are anther color and stem length inherited?d. What was the genotype of the original plant?e. Do any of the three genes show independentassortment?f. For any genes that are linked, indicate the arrangements of the alleles on the homologous chromosomes in the original snapdragon, and estimate thedistance between the genesYou are studying a plant with tissue comprising both green and white sectors. You wish to decide whether this phenomenon is due (1) to a chloroplast mutation of the type considered in this chapter or (2) to a dominant nuclear mutation that inhibits chlorophyll production and is present only in certain tissue layers of the plant as a mosaic. Outline the experimental approach that you would use to resolve this problem.
- Can you answer both questions please (b) Based on the ABC model, what would be the predicted phenotype of a double AB mutant? (c) In developing flowers of dioecious Spinach and Thalictrum, stamens are not developed in female flowers, and carpels are not developed in male flowers. What is the simplest model of ABC class gene expression that might explain this?In the Philippines, owners and managers of plant nurseries have to plan lighting schedules for a long-day plant (LDP) with a critical night length of 10 hours that will flower in December. What lighting periods and color of light enrichment will be most effective for flowering of the said LDP? A. Light periods of 15 hours with light enriched in the red range of the spectrum B. Dark periods of 11 hours with light enriched in the red range of the spectrum C. Light periods of 14 hours with light enriched in the far-red range of the spectrum D. Dark periods of 9 hours with light enriched in the far-red range of the spectrum E. Light periods of 13 hours with light enriched in the red range of the spectrum F. Dark periods of 10 hours with light enriched in the far-red range of the spectrumPredict the phenotype of a flower in whichAPETALA-2 (activity A) and AGAMOUS (activity C) are expressednormally, but APETALA-3 and PISTILLATA (activity B) areexpressed in all four whorls.