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- Understand why direct examination of patient samples is often partof the diagnostic process.Explain why it is important to follow proper precautions and use aseptic technique when working with clinical samples. Why do you think that samples from urine should be tested within 2 hours of collection, or if not possible, that the sample should be refrigerated?How Teichmann test is performed and how do you relate it with forensic studies?
- Explain some of the problems involved in sterilizing delicate andheat-sensitive instruments such as endoscopes, syringes, needles,catheters, and other instruments.How are clinical chemistry test results used to confirm or rule out a presumptive diagnosis? Why is this important and give references.Discuss the principles and applications of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry in molecular diagnostics.
- Explain why is it important to follow proper precautions and use aseptic technique when working with clinical samples.For a simple routine qualitative analysis, why is an early morning sample of urine used for the tests, and not a sample collected after a meal? Explain briefly.Explain the principles behind amplification techniques for infectious disease diagnostics.
- Discuss the application of the following techniques in histopathology: 1.2.1. Immunohistochemistry 1.2.2. Fluorescent in situ hybridization 1.2.3. Nucleic acid amplificationExplain the current methods of forensic DNA analysis ?Discuss the significance of the following processes and what constituent is being determined: a. Borntragers’s test b. Bate-Smith and Metcalf method c. Wilstatter “cyanidin” test