Explain how the temperature of hot gas can be used to find out about the gravitational pull of a galaxy.

Q: It can be shown that if an object orbiting a star of mass M in a circular orbit of radius R has…

A:

Q: Using 22 km/s/million light-years for Hubble’s constant, what recessional velocity do we expect to…

A: Given  Hubble's constant , H = 22 km/s/ million light years. Distance of galaxy , d = 600 million…

Q: e gravitational energy of a pair of colliding galaxies , each of mass 10 Mo separated by a distance…

A:

Q: A starburst galaxy produces only 50 new stars per year. (True or false)

A: A starburst galaxy is known for its high rate of star formation in comparison to the other galaxies.…

Q: Describe a quasar.

A: Quasar is an extremely luminous active galactic nucleus. inside quasar there is a supermassive black…

Q: Imagine that an observed distant galaxy is measured to have a distance of 40 Mpc by a Type Ia…

A:

Q: What is the redshift z of a galaxy 193 Mpc away from us?   Note: Assume a value of the Hubble…

A:

Q: how do deep images by the Hubble Space Telescope confirm the bottom-up theory of galaxy formation?

A: The bottom up model, also known as Hierarchal Clustering s the most accepted way for galaxy…

Q: how might you be misled if you studied only the brightest galaxies in a cluster?

A: There are some of the observations which may mislead if you studied only the brightest galaxies in…

Q: what is the difference between a Sa and a Sb galaxy? Between a SBb and a Sb?

A: Galaxy morphological classification is formed by the division of the galaxies into groups on the…

Q: What Hubble constant corresponds to an approximate age of the universe of 1010 y? To get an…

A:

Q: propose an explanation for the lack of gas, dust, and young stars in elliptical galaxies.

A: The elliptical galaxies are old and dim galaxies. The stars in the elliptical galaxies give out red…

Q: ased on what you have learned about galaxy formation from a protogalactic cloud (and similarly star…

A: Dark matter do not emit any radiation The pressure of an ideal gas decreases when temperature drops…

Q: Observations of quasars have shown us that many are extremely _________, emitting more energy than…

A: Required : Fill in the gaps.

Q: why are the shells visible around some elliptical galaxies significant?

A: The shell structures in the elliptical galaxies indicates the extremely low surface brightness and…

Q: Which of the following is an accurate statement about quasars?

A: ANS: They are abnormally massive, luminous stars at the cores of ancient galaxies.

Q: Why aren’t the fluctuations there in the formation of Galaxies and other similar entities?

A: Galaxies and the other similar entities could not be without the existence of fluctuations in the…

Q: True or False: Dwarf elliptical galaxies and giant ellipticals probably formed in entirely different…

A: To find true or false: Dwarf elliptical galaxies and giant ellipticals probably formed in entirely…

Q: How do we know there are supermassive black holes driving active galaxies?   a. The cores fluctuate…

A: In this problem, The given data- How do we know there are supermassive black holes driving active…

Q: A star at a distance of 50000 light years from the center of a galaxy has an orbital speed of 100…

A: Distance of the star from the center of the galaxy, r = 50000 ly The orbital speed of the star, v =…

Q: If a galaxy moving away from the Earth has a speed of 1000 km/s and emits 656 nm light…

A: The speed of the galaxy is 1000 km/s and the soeed of Earth's orbit is 30 km/s which is…

Q: Identify a feature of the Whirlpool Galaxy that is visible in all several types of light. Explain…

A:

Q: If astronomers were to find they have made a mistake and our solar system is actually 7.8 (rather…

A: Let m be defined as the mass of the sun, and M be defined as the mass of the galaxy. Since the sun…

Q: What is formation and motion of galaxies?

A: Formation of galaxies:           Galaxies are collections of stars, gas, dust and dark matter held…

Q: how long do long-exposure photos of two selected areas of the sky reveal that galaxies are very…

A: In photography exposure means amount of light per unit area reaching the photographic filim or…

Q: Suppose you have obtained spectra of several galaxies and have measuerd the observed wavelength of…

A:

Q: what evidence is there that galaxies contain dark matter? Supermassive black holes?

A: By the studies of rotation of galaxy, astronomers estimate that the 10% mass of galaxy is in the…

Q: What is the difference between an E7 and E0 galaxy?

A: Explanation: Elliptical galaxies have a very large range of sizes. Most of their stars are old and…

Q: If a galaxy has a radial velocity of 21,641 km/s, what is its expected distance from the Hubble Law?…

A: Given data :  Radial velocity of galaxy (V) = 21,641 km/s Humble constant (Ho) = 71 km/s/Mpc…

Q: Determine the wavelength of the standard 21-cm hydrogen spectral line that we receive from the…

A: Given, Wavelength of spectral line = 21 cm Red shift parameter z = 3.8

Stellar evolution

We may see thousands of stars in the dark sky. Our universe consists of billions of stars. Stars may appear tiny to us but they are huge balls of gasses. Sun is a star of average size. Some stars are even a thousand times larger than the sun. The stars do not exist forever they have a certain lifetime. The life span of the sun is about 10 billion years. The star undergoes various changes during its lifetime, this process is called stellar evolution. The structure of the sun-like star is shown below.

Red Shift

It is an astronomical phenomenon. In this phenomenon, increase in wavelength with corresponding decrease in photon energy and frequency of radiation of light. It is the displacement of spectrum of any kind of astronomical object to the longer wavelengths (red) side.