Explain how tRNA achieves its role in protein synthesis
Explain how tRNA achieves its role in protein synthesis.
The translation is a mechanism by which a particular sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is decoded to generate the genetic code found within a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule.
There are two main functions for all tRNAs: to be chemically bound to a single amino acid and base-pair with a codon in mRNA to bind the amino acid to an increasing peptide chain. Each tRNA molecule is recognized by one and only one of the 20 synthetases of aminoacyl-tRNA. Similarly, one of these enzymes binds one and only one of the 20 amino acids, producing an aminoacyl-tRNA to a different tRNA. When bound to the right amino acid, A tRNA then recognizes an mRNA codon, which supplies the amino acid to the increasing polypeptide. At the A (site which accepts the tRNA.) place, one of the three stop codons joins. No tRNA molecules attach to such codons so that the protein and tRNA are hydrolyzed at the P (site which holds the peptide chain) site, release the polypeptide into the cytoplasm. The small and large subunits of the dissociated ribosome are ready for the next translation stage.
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