Explain the use of crown ethers in nucleophilic substitution reactions ?

Q: presence of yellow oily layer A. Nitration presence of brown precipitate from an alkylbenzene B.…

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Q: What product is obtained from the reaction of dichlorocarbene with cyclopentene?

A: A simple trick for this reaction is, just insert the dichlorocarbene into the double bond making it…

Q: What products are obtained from the reaction of cyclohexene oxide with a. methoxide ion? b.…

A: a) Please find below the reaction. The methoxide ion attacks the C on cyclohexene oxide and opens…

Q: Why does cis-2-chloro-1-cyclohexanol not yield an oxide when reacted with a base

A: In the case of the cis-2-chloro-1-cyclohexanol, which when treated with the base, cyclohexane is…

Q: What are the Possible Mechanisms for Nucleophilic Substitution ?

A: The replacement of any atom or group of atoms by a nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution…

Q: Give reasons: (a) n-Butyl bromide has higher boiling point than f-butyl bromide. (b) Racemic mixture…

A: (a) The molecules which has straight chain occupies larger surface area and has higher…

Q: Give reasons :(a) n-Butyl bromide has higher boiling point than f-butyl bromide.(b) Racemic mixture…

A: (a) n-Butyl bromide has a higher boiling point than t-butyl bromide. Reason: n-butyl bromide is a…

Q: Obtain 3-chloro-4-nitrophenol by starting from benzene and diazotizing, using appropriate reagents

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Q: Based on the characteristics of the carbonyl group (C = O), what reactions or transformations take…

A: Carbonyl group consist of electropositive and electronegative atom bonded with double bond. Because…

Q: `CH3 но `CH3 CH;0 `CH3 H H.

A: The reduction reaction is one of the common classes of organic reactions. In the reduction reaction,…

Q: Provide the reagents necessary to convert (R)-2-chlorobutane to (S)-2-methoxybutane.

A: The structure of (R)-2-chlorobutane to (S)-2-methoxybutane is as follows:

Q: Specify the appropriate alkene for the synthesis of the given alcohol by hydroboration-oxidation?

A: The given reaction  is hydroboration oxidation.  In the first step BH3 is added according  to anti…

Q: What is the reaction when trans-2-butene reacts with 1.KMnO4/-OH in cold 2.  hotKMnO4/-OH 3.HBr…

A: Since there are multiple questions, we will answer only the first question. If you require the other…

Q: explain why homolysis of the O-H bond in phenol requires considerably less energy than homolysis of…

A: a) O-H bond in phenol is more polar as compared to O-H bond in ethanol. This is because the…

Q: Explain UV spectrum of isoprene ?

A: Like any other absorption spectrum, the UV–vis spectrum of a substance is the graph drawn between…

Q: (b) Draw the chemical structure of a 1,2,3-triazole and showv how it can be synthesized from basic…

A: 1,2,3 Triazole is an aromatic heterocycle which has numerous applications

Q: 5. Draw the reaction schemes for the following reactions: a. The sulfonation of benzene b. The…

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Q: Explain Reaction of Organometallic Reagents with Aldehydes and Ketones ?

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Q: Explain why trichloroacetic anhydride [(Cl3CCO)2O] is more reactive than acetic anhydride…

A: The nucleophiles are the type of substances that have tendency to donates the pair of electrons to…

Q: What product is obtained from the reaction of excess benzene with dichloromethane + AlCl3 ?

A: Given reactions, Reaction of benzene with Dichloromethane + AlCl3   Product of the given reactions,

Q: The compound obtained by treating propan-1-ol with PCC followed by excess of ethanol in presence of…

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Q: Draw a structural formula for the product formed by treating  reactants with sodium ethoxide in…

A: Sodium ethoxide is a base that abstracts the acidic hydrogen and forms an enolate ion. This attacks…

Q: How could the following changes in reaction conditions affect the rate of the reaction when…

A: 2-Bromo-2-methylpentane is a tertiary substrate. Hence, the reaction between tertiary bromide and…

Q: Explain the Process of Determining the Mechanism of Nucleophilic Substitution ?

A: In organic chemistry, a kind of chemical reaction where a nucleophile gets bonded to atoms (or)…

Q: What reaction do nitro compounds undergo when treated with reducing agent?

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Q: of the following products would require a 2-step reaction for its synthesis?   a Formation of…

A: There occur electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

Q: What product is obtained from the reaction of excess benzene with each of the following reagents? a.…

A: Given reactions, Reaction of benzene with a. isobutyl chloride + AlCl3               b.…

Q: what condition would you need to promote an elimination reaction of an alcohol to obtain an Alkene?

A: To make alkene from any alcohol we need to perform dehydration reaction. Hence we will heat the…

Q: Explain the relevance pi* (antibonding) -molecular orbitals have in nucleophilic addition reactions…

A: Relavance of pi* antibonding orbital in nucleophilic addition reaction of carbonyl containing…

Q: 1.) A hydrocarbon (Y) partially hydrogenates with the Lindlar’s catalyst to form an alkene. When (Y)…

A: Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you.If you want any…

Q: The reaction of ethyl formate with an excess of CH3MgI followed by hydrolysis gives

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Q: غير مجاب علیه بعد سؤال 7 الدرجة من 2.00 Acetylene reacts with water in the presence of sulfuric acid…

A: Hydrocarbons are defined as organic compounds which are solely made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms.…

Q: Cyclopropyl chloride has been prepared by chlorination of the free radical of cyclopropane. Write a…

A: Free radical halogenation of Cyclopropane involves three steps as-  Step 1. Chain Initiation  :…

Q: Draw the structural formula of the product formed by treating each Wittig reagent with…

A: Treatment of o-chloroether of compound (A) and compound (B) with triphenylphosphine gives a…

Q: Bromocyclopentane is more reactive than bromocyclohexane when heated with sodium iodide in acetone.…

A: Given: Bromocyclopentane is more reactive than bromocyclohexane when heated with sodium iodide in…

Q: b) Arrange the following compounds according to the reactivity towards nitration. Give reasons for…

A: Given compounds are :

Q: Which mechanism is favored by the use of crown ethers in nonpolar solvents, SN1 or SN2?

A: SN2 reactions are favoured by strong nucleophiles.  Nucleophilicity of anions increases when crown…

Q: how would cyclohexane behave when reacted with Tollen's reagent and Lugol's solution?

A: Tollens' reagent is an alkaline solution of ammoniacal silver nitrate and is used to test for…

Q: Which of the following pair of reactions were used in the synthesis of 3-chloro-6-popyllbenzoic acid…

A: Given: To synthesis 3-chloro-6-popyllbenzoic acid from benzene.

Q: Why is β substitution in Nucleophilic reactions of pyridines not preferred? Give reasons.

A: The question is based on the concept of heterocyclic chemistry. We have to identify the site of…

Q: ethers can often be prepared by Sn2 reaction of an alkoxide and alkylhalides, which is a better…

A: In the Williamson synthesis, either is formed, in the reaction between alkoxide and alkyl halide.…

Q: Effects of solvents on phenol halogenation

A: Halogenation of phenol depends on the solvent medium like water or less polar solvent we have taken.

Q: How would you convert the benzene into cinnamic acid?

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Q: Provide the name of the product after cyclopropanone reacts with methylmagnesium bromide and…

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Q: How the general principles of nucleophilic substitution and addition apply to carbonyl compounds ?

A: To explain the general principle of nucleophilic substitution and addition reaction of the carbonyl…

Q: Explain the Reactions of Epoxides ?

A: The Reactions of Epoxides have to be explained below.

Reactions of Ethers

Ethers (R-O-R’) are compounds formed by replacing hydrogen atoms of an alcohol (R-OH compound) or a phenol (C6H5OH) by an aryl/ acyl group (functional group after removing single hydrogen from an aromatic ring). In this section, reaction, preparation and behavior of ethers are discussed in the context of organic chemistry.

Epoxides

Epoxides are a special class of cyclic ethers which are an important functional group in organic chemistry and generate reactive centers due to their unusual high reactivity. Due to their high reactivity, epoxides are considered to be toxic and mutagenic.

Williamson Ether Synthesis

An organic reaction in which an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol forms ether is known as Williamson ether synthesis. Alexander Williamson developed the Williamson ether synthesis in 1850. The formation of ether in this synthesis is an SN2 reaction.