Explain the ways in which the effects of atrial natriuretic peptide differ from the effects of angiotensin II, ADH, and aldosterone.

Q: Define the term atrial natriuretic peptide?

A: The atria of the heart is composed of cells known as cardiocytes. These cells are responsible for…

Q: How do angiotensin II receptors reduce blood pressure, and what are the advantages do they have over…

A: The circulatory framework, likewise called the cardiovascular framework or the vascular framework,…

Q: Establish the relationship between kwashiorkor and edema. Briefly explain the Renin-angiotensin…

A: Malnutrition occurs when the diet does not have the proper nutrients to maintain the body's health.…

Q: Describe the control of erythropoietin secretion and the effect of this hormone

A: Hormones are chemical substances generated in the body. It regulates and controls the activity of…

Q: Define about atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) ?

A: A natriuretic factor or peptide was first discovered by de Bold in 1981 when the atrial extracts of…

Q: Where is Atrial Natriuretic Peptide located? What is its role?

A: BASIC INFORMATION  HEART  It is a muscular organ  It is present in a space in between the lungs…

Q: Explain the roles of filtration and reabsorption in capillary exchange of fluid.

A: Blood is a body fluid that transports necessary substances, nutrients, hormones, and oxygen to the…

Q: Explain how the destruction of acid-producing cells in thestomach can lead to iron deficiency…

A: Food we ingest contains many nutrients that are needed for everyday functioning of the body. These…

Q: Name four hormones that cause vasodilation or vasoconstriction ofarterioles, and specify their…

A: The human body is made up of different organs and organ systems. There are 11 different organ…

Q: Why is monotheraphy in the management of hypertension is not effective?

A: ▪︎Monotherapy means medical treatment given using single drug or therapy . ▪︎We can have many…

Q: In what ways can edema be beneficial and in what ways is itharmful?

A: Inflammation is a defense process exerted by the immune cells in which the antigens are trapped by…

Q: Explain how the maintenance of hydration is important in cardiovascular function?

A: Answer: Introduction: The heart is a muscular organ present behind and partially left of the…

Q: Explain how blood flow to the kidneys is decreased with exercise.

A: Strenuous exercise can induce drastic changes in the functioning of the kidney as well as in the…

Q: Occasionally during the process of giving birth, a woman may experience alife-threatening…

A: The human body works at a particular set of conditions. The body undergoes many compensatory…

Q: What effect does glucagon have on the plasma?

A: Glucagon is a Protein secreted by the alpha cells of the Pancreas. Glucagon controls Plasma…

Q: Explain the functional residual capacity (FRC)?

A: The Respiratory System of the human body mainly transports air in and out of the lungs. It also…

Q: Briefly explain the Renin-angiotensin mechanism indicating the treatment or drug target sites of…

A: It is a system that regulates blood pressure and fluid and electrolyte balance as well as systemic…

Q: List all the procoagulant effects of thrombin.

A: Thrombin is a serine protease. The F2 gene encodes it. Thrombin is matured from prothrombin. On…

Q: Why does exogenous erythropoietin (EPO) effectively treat anemia due to renal failure but is…

A: Exogenous erythropoietin is human erythropoietin that is specifically synthesized through…

Q: How do kidneysparticipate in the bloodvolume control? How is theblood volume of the bodyrelated to…

A: The kidney is the bean shaped organ of about four to five inches present on the either side of the…

Q: Explain the various mechanisms that regulate blood pressure in responseto the rapid loss of a large…

A: Heart and blood vessels form the cardiovascular system. Its main function is to transport oxygen,…

Q: Describe the cardiovascular response to a head injury that causescerebral edema?

A: Answer: Introduction: The central nervous system-CNS consists of three main parts are the brain,…

Q: contain epinephrine 5 mg in D5LR 500 mL. The drop factor is 20 gtt/mL. How many minutes will it take…

A: For the infusion time, we would use this formula The total volume to infuse/ml per hour being…

Q: Briefly describe the general mechanism of action for diuretics, and explain in detail how medication…

A: Diurectics are the drugs which promotes the sodium ions (Na+) and thus, water excretion (along with…

Q: Explain the characteristics of the intravenous fluid that was ordered for Jordan and explain the…

A: In Intravenous fluid therapy the fluids, electrolytes and buffer are directly infused into the…

Q: Explain the interactions between ADH, angiotensin-renin-aldosterone P, GFR, in a patient with acute…

A: ADH :- Antidiuretic hormone is released usually when intravascular fluid volume is reduced…

Q: Drugs that directly act on the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone (RAA) system may be used to treat…

A: The renin angiotensin system consists of multitude of peptides which act on the vessels of the body…

Q: Describe the functions of the following hormones: Aldosterone Erythropoietin Antidiuretic hormone…

A: Hormones are chemical messengers that are released directly into the bloodstream, where they are…

Q: Define plasma clearance and show how it is calculated

A: In the human body, blood is considered the fluid that plays a significant role in the transportation…

Q: Management of hypertension is very exhaustive, started from life style modification to the use of…

A: Hypertension is a condition in which there is a rise in blood pressure. The blood pressure in the…

Q: Explain Fosinopril sodium, and discuss any effect(s) it may have on a patient whos experienced blunt…

A: Drugs affect multiple body systems simultaneously. Some of these effects are beneficial while some…

Q: During treatment of congestive heart failure and hypertension, describe the mechanism of action and…

A: Congestive heart failure is a condition is which the heart cannot pump blood in its full capacity,…

Q: What is atrial natriuretic factor?

A: There are several hormones which play an active part in the regulation of kidney functions.

Q: Explain how compensation by the renin-angiotensinpathway aggravates hypertension.

A: For the proper functioning of the body, there are various physiological processes that occur at the…

Q: List and explain the signs indicating that compensation isoccurring in patients with shock.

A: When blood flow suddenly stops, it causes shock, which is life-threatening. An allergic response,…

Q: Which of the following can cause edema? A. decrease in plasma proteins B. damage to capillary walls…

A: Edema is the condition in which swelling of the body parts occurs because of the leakage of the…

Q: a. Why is countercurrent exchange system more efficient than concurrent exchange system?

A: Introduction :- A countercurrent exchange system is one in which two fluids with different qualities…

Q: Explain the movement of fluid across capillary endothelial cells. How does balance of hydrostatic…

A: The smallest blood vessels are referred to as capillaries. The primary function of capillaries is to…

Q: Explain the factors affecting plasma Mg

A: Magnesium is the 4th most common cation in the human body, it is an electrolyte required at a normal…

Q: Explain the normal function of atrial natriuretic peptide inmaintaining fluid and electrolyte…

A: The myocardial cells of the atrium in the heart synthesize and secrete a hormone called an atrial…

Q: describe the endocrine system of angiotensinogen > angiotensin 1 > angiotensin 2

A: The rennin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a multistep pathway that maintains blood pressure and secrets…

Q: Which of the following can trigger osmoregulatory adjustment via the atrial natriuretic peptide…

A: Osmoregulation is the process of maintaining salt and water balance (osmotic balance) across…

Q: what three organs need to be evaluated because of their ability to promote edema and why? Describe…

A: Body’s fluid accumulates in the interstitial space as capillary filtration exceeds the amount of…

Homeostasis

Homeostasis is a self-regulatory process through which different biological systems maintain constant internal environmental conditions to compensate for environmental changes. In human physiology, it is a process of self-regulating internal, chemical, and physical conditions at an optimal level for survival. The stability through homeostasis can be attained through dynamic equilibrium, in which there is a continuous change until it reaches its systemic conditions.