Explain why a different influenza vaccine is necessary every year. How is this different from the development of pandemic versions? Please include in your answer the terms antigenic shift and antigenic drift.

Q: LO25-Identify the functions and properties of DNA and RNA Which attribute of DNA does not contribute…

A: Nucleic acid is a macromolecule which is safely present inside the nucleus of the cell. It contain…

Q: For hemophylia A , the gene involved is (gene 8 ) is a X chromosome), what effects of this altered…

A: Genetic alterations (mutations) in the F8 gene lead to haemophilia A.  In biology, a mutation isan…

Q: if two organisms are in the same order what other groups do they have in common?

A: On Earth, each recognised species is assigned a dual term scientific name.  The name of this system…

Q: 3. Describe the below listed methods for evaluating disinfectants and antiseptics 2.1. Phenol…

A: Introduction Disinfectant acts as an agent to control the microbial population in an environment.…

Q: 64. A couple learned their child has a genetic disorder where a piece of a chromosome moved to…

A: 64.When a segment of one chromosome separates and joins another chromosome, the process is known as…

Q: 3. Fill in the information about hormones produced by stomach Hormone Gastrin Gastrin Gastrin…

A: GI hormones are chemical messengers that play key roles in the control of secretion, absorption,…

Q: 8. Use the Hardy-Weinberg Equations to answer the questions below. (Assume there are only 2 alleles…

A: Introduction :  In a large, random-mating population, the genotype and allele frequencies remain…

Q: Plan a one-day meal plan (contain breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks) that includes 5 different…

A: Healthy food is food that is low in added sugars, saturated fats, and sodium and is high in…

Q: Which of the following is true regarding the difference between graded and action potentials? a.)…

A: Action potentials activate neural circuits, which can either promote or inhibit particular bodily…

Q: If the cell receives 4 glucose molecules and oxidizes them through aerobic cellular respiration: 5…

A: Among monosaccharides, glucose, a kind of carbohydrate, is the most prevalent. Aerobic respiration…

Q: The SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein and its sugars have been the subject of much scientific…

A: SARS-CoV-2 is the scientific name for the new coronavirus strain that is responsible for the current…

Q: Using an outside souce, find out how glucose moves into a human skeletal muscle cell.

A: Glucose is primarily transported into muscle cells by a carrier-mediated system made up of protein…

Q: Which of the following describes the purpose of GWAS analysis OGWAS analysis identify genes that are…

A: GWAS, or Genome-Wide Association Study The aim of genome-wide association studies, or GWAS as we…

Q: Explain how this relationship between the solution in the Elodea cells (from #1) caused what you…

A: As we can clearly see in the above images, Elodea cells in saline solution appear crenated while…

Q: In a hypothetical species of mice, the shaggy gene determines hair length. S is the dominant allele…

A: Genotype is a genetic makeup of an organism which is represented in form of alleles or genes . As…

Q: Mutation on hemophilia a

A: Hemophilia A is most often a genetic disorder. This means that it’s caused by changes (mutations) to…

Q: how are point mutations able to change the regulation of a gene and protein production.

A: Mutations are changes which occur in the DNA. Mutations are variations in codons caused by the…

Q: There are several different mechanisms of endocytosis.  Some mechanisms are selective, some are not…

A: Endocytosis is a biological mechanism that allows several compounds to enter the cell. A region of…

Q: X-rays as a type of biomedical imaging does not: allow visualization of internal organs utilize…

A: Radiological investigations have come a long way since the invention and use of X-rays to image body…

Q: If a pregnant woman had a karyotype prepared for her baby before birth, would it be more useful in…

A: The genetic information of an organism is encoded in its DNA which is inside the nucleus of the…

Q: At worker of a chemical production after poisonous steams breathing a quantity of slime in…

A: RESPIRATION: The metabolic process of inhalation of oxygen and exhalation of carbon dioxide from the…

Q: 1. How does sensation arise?  2. Explain the following somato sensory pathway a. First order…

A: Different parts of the brain:   1. Cerebrum: The largest part of the brain, it is responsible for…

Q: What of the dangers of secondhand smoke,  What should be done to protect society from these dangers?

A: Secondhand smoke exposure occurs when nonsmokers breathe in smoke exhaled by smokers or from the…

Q: Which of the following is most likely to contribute to warmer global temperatures? a)Clearing a…

A: The phenomenon of a slow rise in temperature close to the earth's surface is known as global…

Q: A meadow is home to a population of plants of a particular species. Among these individuals are 125…

A: Recessive traits are those that are not expressed in the phenotype of an organism when paired with a…

Q: What is true about the phenotypic expression of a gene? Genes can code for mRNA One gene can be…

A: An obvious and quantifiable attribute is a phenotypic trait, which is the expression of genes in an…

Q: The presence of fat in the chyme stimulates secretion of intestinal hormones that increase stomach…

A: Chyme is a semifluid consisting of digestive juices and partially digested food. It plays important…

Q: The words exergonic and endergonic can be used to describe many reactions, including those essential…

A: Chemical processes that result in a net release of free energy are known as exergonic reactions.…

Q: In the epithelium of the airways, there are cells with a dome-shaped apical part, on the surface of…

A: The human body has more than 200 distinct kinds of cells. Each type of cell is uniquely equipped to…

Q: Which of the choices below represents the actual product of alcoholic fermentation? a. 2 CO2, 2…

A: In the process of fermentation, bacteria alter food in an useful and attractive way. The production…

Q: Imagine you go to the doctor because you are sick. You get antibiotics, but you hurry out of the…

A: Gene transfer is a process in which exchange of genetic material takes place in cells. Genes can be…

Q: Suppose the frequency of the recessive allele a for the recessive condition albinism is 0.2 Assume…

A: Albinism is an autosomal recessive condition. Here the homozygous condition for recessive alleles…

Q: Αγελα

A: based on above images the name of pathogen are given on visualize analysis.  following are the name…

Q: Lab 11: Osmosis and Diffusion - Additional Resources. Bio 104 - McCabe C. Effect of Osmosis on Plant…

A: Elodea is a genus of five or six species of submerged aquatic plants of the frog's-bit family…

Q: Which of the following statements best describes the synthesis of secreted proteins? a.) Secreted…

A: Secreted proteins are those proteins that gets secreted out of the cell.

Q: Phylum Porifera Cnidaria Ctenophora Habitat Symmetry Germ Layer Give two classes belonging in each…

A: Introduction The concept of the five kingdom classification was given by Robert Whittaker. All…

Q: pH of the lysosomal interior

A: Lysosomes: These are the membrane enclosed organelles. They contain an array of enzymes which are…

Q: Describe the formation and components of the divisome, including a discussion of the key molecular…

A: Bacteria divide by cell division which is also a mode of reproduction. Cell division includes the…

Q: 2. Does Spallanzani experiment prove or disprove the spontaneous generation of idea of emergence of…

A: Microscopy's advancement and improvement in the 17th century opened up a previously unknown realm of…

Q: A photobioreactor (PBR) system is used to sequester CO₂ from a small boiler operating at 20 kWth,…

A: It is given that a photobioreactor (PBR) system is utilized to sequester CO2 from a small boiler…

Q: Which of the following best describes the pH of the endosomal interior?

A: Endocytosis is a term coined by Christian deDuve in the year 1963. Endocytosis is the process by…

Q: There is quite a bit of variation in fossils attributed to the species Homo habilis.  Some of the…

A: 1. These fossils have some diferrences from the Homo habilisin the shape and size of their heads.…

Q: Crawfish are shelled organisms that live in shallow freshwater rivers. They can have antennae of…

A: Here, parents have medium length antennae while the offsprings have short and long antennae.…

Q: Describe the function of eukaryotic enhancers in transcription.

A: Transcription is the process of converting information from one form into another. In biology, it is…

Q: 6.c. Mutated DNA Template Strand #3: 3'-TACTGACTGACTATC-5' Complementary DNA sequence: mRNA sequence…

A: An explanation of the movement of genetic information within a biological system is the core tenet…

Q: 1) Homo habilis use tools of a type called ..................... while Homo ergaster use tools of a…

A: Homo georgicus is an extinct species of early humans that were discovered in Dmanisi, Georgia in…

Q: what does a biostatician do?

A: A biostatisticians collects data and perform analysis focusing on biology in the fields of…

Q: of trachea mucosa. Preparation shows low cells oval or triangular shape in composition of…

A: Introduction inflammation of trachea is a infection caused by bacterias an viruses.  some irritants…

Q: For hemophylia A what's on normal gene function

A: Introduction:   A genetic bleeding ailment called haemophilia causes the blood to clot improperly.…

Q: The antigen-presenting proteins arrive at the plasma membrane.  Which of the following is NOT part…

A: Calnexin and the associated calreticulin protein work together to guarantee correct glycoprotein…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.