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F. An ROA model consisting of the product of two ratios provides an overview of a venture ’ s efficiency and profitability at the same time. An ROE model consists of the product of three ratios and simultaneously shows an overview of a venture ’ s efficiency, profitability, and leverage performance. Calculate ROA and ROE models for the 2014 – 2015 and 2015 – 2016 periods. Provide an interpretation of your findings.
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- Jarrett Baker is the founder of anenterprise software company located inChevy Chase, Maryland. By looking atthe income statements for Jarrett’s businessover the past three years, you seethat its working capital has declined from$42,400 in 2012 to $17,900 in 2013 to$3,100 in 2014. If this trend continues,in what ways could it jeopardize the futureof Jarrett’s business?Salinger Software was founded in 2012. The company lost money each of its first three years, but was able to turn a profit in 2015. Salinger's operating income (EBIT) for its first four years of operations is reported below. Year EBIT 2012 -$50,000,000 2013 -$150,000,000 2014 -$100,000,000 2015 $700,000,000 The company has no debt, so operating income equals earnings before taxes. The corporate tax rate has remained constant at 35%. Assume that the company took full advantage of the carry-back, carry-forward provisions in the Tax Code, and assume that the current provisions were applicable in 2012. How much tax did the company pay in 2015? Select one: a. $147,000,000 b. $165,200,000 c. $158,200,000 d. $140,000,000 e. $107,800,000The T.P. Jarmon Company manufactures and sells a line of exclusive sportswear. The firm’s sales were $600, 100 for the year just ended, and its total assets exceeded $500,000. The company was started by My. Jarmon just 10 years ago and has been profitable every year since its inception. The chief financial officer for the firm, Brent Behlim, has decided to seek a line of credit from the firm’s bank totaling $86,000. In the past, the company has relied on its suppliers to finance a large part of its needs for inventory. However, in recent months, tight money conditions have led the firm’s suppliers to offer sizable cash discounts to speed up payments for purchases. Mr. Vehlim wants to use the line of credit to supplant a large portion of the firm’s payables during the summer, which is the firm’s peak seasonal sales period. // The firm’s two most recent balance sheets were presented to the bank in support of its loan request. In addition, the firm’s income statement for the year just…
- For many years, Janice Virtue had been a professor of Business Ethics in the Faculty of Business at a major Canadian university. In 2018, while continuing to teach one section of Business Ethics, she established Virtue Ltd. (VL) in order to market her numerous publications and online courses involving the application of ethical principles to business situations. While the company experienced a net operating loss of $128,000 in the fiscal period ending December 31, 2018, VL experienced rapidly increasing sales during 2019. Because Janice believed the improvement was indicative of the success to come, VL moved to larger premises that were purchased for $423,000. Of this total, $100,000 related to the land, with the remaining $323,000 allocated to the building. Because the building was to be used exclusively for non-residential purposes, it was allocated to a separate Class 1. In selling the previous premises in 2019, VL experienced an allowable capital loss on the land of $36,000. The…Dress-for-Success, Inc. is a successful C Corporation in its sixth year of business and already has $5 million gross sales. The company sells and automatically ships gently used clothing items to online customers. It collects the monthly fixed fee at the beginning of each month and ships one item each week. The owner, Linda Smith, does not see any reason to follow GAAP accounting principles. The company is not publicly traded but does put the financial statements on the company’s Web page for customers to see. Research this issue and answer the following: Are there any ethical issues in this situation? Explain.Dress-for-Success, Inc. is a successful C Corporation in its sixth year of business and already has $5 million gross sales. The company sells and automatically ships gently used clothing items to online customers. It collects the monthly fixed fee at the beginning of each month and ships one item each week. The owner, Linda Smith, does not see any reason to follow GAAP accounting principles. The company is not publicly traded but does put the financial statements on the company’s Web page for customers to see. Research this issue and answer the following: Explain how Dress-for-Success is accounting for the transactions under the cash basis method and how she should account for them if she did follow GAAP.
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- Lucas Hunter, president of Simmons Industries Inc., believes that reporting operating cash flow per share on the income statement would be a useful addition to the companys just completed financial statements. The following discussion took place between Lucas Hunter and Simmons controller, John Jameson, in January, after the close of the fiscal year: Lucas: Ive been reviewing our financial statements for the last year. I am disappointed that our net income per share has dropped by 10% from last year. This wont look good to our shareholders. Is there anything we can do about this? John: What do you mean? The past is the past, and the numbers are in. There isnt much that can be done about it. Our financial statements were prepared according to generally accepted accounting principles, and I dont see much leeway for significant change at this point. Lucas: No, no. Im not suggesting that we cook the books. But look at the cash flow from operating activities on the statement of cash flows. The cash flow from operating activities has increased by 20%. This is very good newsand, I might add, useful information. The higher cash flow from operating activities will give our creditors comfort. John: Well, the cash flow from operating activities is on the statement of cash flows, so I guess users will be able to see the improved cash flow figures there. Lucas: This is true, but somehow I think this information should be given a much higher profile. I dont like this information being buried in the statement of cash flows. You know as well as I do that many users will focus on the income statement. Therefore, I think we ought to include an operating cash flow per share number on the face of the income statementsomeplace under the earnings per share number. In this way, users will get the complete picture of our operating performance. Yes, our earnings per share dropped this year, but our cash flow from operating activities improved! And all the information is in one place where users can see and compare the figures. What do you think? John: Ive never really thought about it like that before. I guess we could put the operating cash flow per share on the income statement, underneath the earnings per share amount. Users would really benefit from this disclosure. Thanks for the ideaIll start working on it. Lucas: Glad to be of service. How would you interpret this situation? Is John behaving in an ethical and professional manner?Del Rio began Rio Enterprises on January 1 with 200 units of inventory. During the year, 500 additional units were purchased, 500 units were sold, and Del ended the year with 200 units. Del is very satisfied with his first year of business although the cost of replacing his inventory rose continually throughout the year. The 500 units sold for a total of 320,000 and the 500 units purchased to replace them cost 256,000, so his cash account has increased by 64,000. Del is concerned however because he has three obligations yet to meet: taxes, dividends, and his wife. Federal and state income taxes will take 40% of his income. His investors are to receive dividends equal to half of any income after taxes are paid. And finally, Del promised his wife a big trip to Hawaii if she let him quit his job as a professor and start his own business. He promised her hed make at least 50,000 after taxes. That will give us 25,000 after paying off the investors. Del kept fairly good records during the year and knows the specific cost of each inventory unit sold. He has prepared the following table to summarize his purchases and sales. Using a pencil, fill in columns F and G in the Data Section of the worksheet printout at the end of this problem.Del Rio began Rio Enterprises on January 1 with 200 units of inventory. During the year, 500 additional units were purchased, 500 units were sold, and Del ended the year with 200 units. Del is very satisfied with his first year of business although the cost of replacing his inventory rose continually throughout the year. The 500 units sold for a total of 320,000 and the 500 units purchased to replace them cost 256,000, so his cash account has increased by 64,000. Del is concerned however because he has three obligations yet to meet: taxes, dividends, and his wife. Federal and state income taxes will take 40% of his income. His investors are to receive dividends equal to half of any income after taxes are paid. And finally, Del promised his wife a big trip to Hawaii if she let him quit his job as a professor and start his own business. He promised her hed make at least 50,000 after taxes. That will give us 25,000 after paying off the investors. Del kept fairly good records during the year and knows the specific cost of each inventory unit sold. He has prepared the following table to summarize his purchases and sales. Del has heard that the choice of an inventory cost flow assumption can have a significant effect on net income and taxes. He asks you to show him the differences between the specific identification method and the cost flow assumptions of FIFO, LIFO, and weighted average methods. Review the worksheet FIFOLIFO that follows these requirements. Note that all of the problem data have been entered in the Data Section of the worksheet.