Add Page●Figure 1: Cross section from Eureka to Red BluffIn the following exercise you will track the changes in air temperature, dew point temperature, specifichumidity, saturation specific humidity, and relative humidity for a parcel of air that originates near thesurface at Eureka, California. The prevailing westerlies force this air parcel to rise orographically over the2400-meter crest of the Coast Range, and to descend to Red Bluff at an elevation of 100 meters in theSacramento Valley below.Use the following guidelines to get started:The air temperature at Eureka is 18°CThe dew point at Eureka is 13°CRecall that dry adiabatic lapse rate is 1°C per 100 metersWe will use a wet adiabatic lapse rate of 0.6°C per 100 meters for the sake of this exerciseYou may also assume that water condensing in the atmosphere falls out as precipitation●Eureka1.Insert TableUsing the dew point and the air temperatures provide above, return to Table 1 and find thespecific humidity value and the saturation specific humidity value of Eureka.SHSSH_g/kg_g/kg2. Using these values and the equation for relative humidity, find the relative humidity of this airparcel.RHATChart Text Shape Media CommentPoint of Condensation3. Recall that the air temperature and the dew point must equal one another for condensation tooccur. If this air parcel is lifted orographically up the windward side of the Coast Range, at whataltitude will condensation begin? (Hint: you need determine which is the proper lapse rate touse for this question: Is it the wet or the dray?)ALTDP%m4. Summarize the air temperature, dew point temperature, and the relative humidity of the airparcel at this elevation._qCollaborate Add Page25If condensation is not occurring in a rising air parcel, that air parcel will cool at what we call thedry adiabatic lapse rate. This is equal to approximately 1°C per 100 meters. An air parcel will cool at thisdry adiabatic lapse rate until it reaches its dew point temperature. At this point, condensation begins andthe rising parcel now cools at a slower rate due to the release of latent heat into the surroundingatmosphere. This wet (or saturated) adiabatic lapse rate is variable, and can range from 0.5°C per 100meters for warm parcels to almost 1°C for cold parcels. For this exercise, use a value of 0.6°C per 100meters for the wet adiabatic lapse rate.Orographic LiftingAir rises and falls in response to a number of different lifting mechanisms, including convectiveuplift and frontal uplift. In this lab exercise we explore adiabatic temperature changes associated withorographic lifting. This process occurs when air is forced to rise over topographic barriers such asmountain ranges. As it does so, it cools adiabatically, until it reaches its dew point. Here condensationbegins and we have the potential for precipitation.Altitude above sea level(hundres of meters)201510Insert50Table Chart TextPrevailing WindEurekaShape Media CommentCoast Range2400Red Bluff100 m3Collaborate

Question

Accepted Answer

1. Dew point temperature (Td)= 13°C
Air temperature ( T)= 18°C
Td = {T - (100- relative humidity)/5}…