FIGURE 24.6 Helicobacter pylori Pathogenesis Neutrophils are common in the early inflammatory response to H. pylori. Lymphocytes and other cells appear later. Urease CO(NH2)2 + H,0 CO2 + 2 NH3 How does urease allow Urea Ammonia H. pylori to live in the stomach? Helicobacter pylori Bacteria 2 Thinning of mucus layer due to mucosal damage Acidic environment of stomach penetrate and multiply in mucus layer Epithelium destroyed Mucus layer Mucus- Ulcer secreting cell mar Epithelium lining the stomach Basement membrane Connective Red blood cell Neutrophil Plasma Lymphocyte cell tissue Dilated capillary Capillary- Red blood cell- Inflammatory response Bacterial cells use their flagella to penetrate the mucus layer, and then attach to the mucus- secreting epithelium or multiply adjacent to it. Helicobacter survives the acidic environment of the stomach by secreting urease, which breaks urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia. Bacterial toxins and inflammation damage epithelial cells, decreasing mucus production; acidic stomach juices damage the exposed tissue, causing a peptic ulcer. Ammonia neutralizes stomach acid.

FIGURE 24.6 Helicobacter pylori Pathogenesis Neutrophils are common in the early inflammatory response to H. pylori. Lymphocytes and other cells appear later. Urease CO(NH2)2 + H,0 CO2 + 2 NH3 How does urease allow Urea Ammonia H. pylori to live in the stomach? Helicobacter pylori Bacteria 2 Thinning of mucus layer due to mucosal damage Acidic environment of stomach penetrate and multiply in mucus layer Epithelium destroyed Mucus layer Mucus- Ulcer secreting cell mar Epithelium lining the stomach Basement membrane Connective Red blood cell Neutrophil Plasma Lymphocyte cell tissue Dilated capillary Capillary- Red blood cell- Inflammatory response Bacterial cells use their flagella to penetrate the mucus layer, and then attach to the mucus- secreting epithelium or multiply adjacent to it. Helicobacter survives the acidic environment of the stomach by secreting urease, which breaks urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia. Bacterial toxins and inflammation damage epithelial cells, decreasing mucus production; acidic stomach juices damage the exposed tissue, causing a peptic ulcer. Ammonia neutralizes stomach acid.

Biomedical Instrumentation Systems

1st Edition

ISBN:9781133478294

Author:Chatterjee

Publisher:Chatterjee

Chapter17: Instrumentation In Intensive Care Units

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RT

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

A strain of Shigellahas a mutation causing it to lose the ability to produce fimbriae and become less virulent as a consequence. What function has this pathogen lost? Group of answer choices the ability to move from one location in the body to another the ability to produce an endotoxin the ability to adhere to cells of the body the ability to establish a latent infection the ability to prevent phagocytes killing it do not copy from chegg
The bubo of bubonic plague is a/ana. ulcer where the flea bite occurredb. granuloma in the skinc. enlarged lymph noded. infected sebaceous gland
East Indian natives habitually chew on betel nuts as an alkaloidalstimulant and narcotic. A side effect is phlegm collection, which iseliminated by frequent spitting. The incidence of Strongyloides infections is relatively low in this population. Can you account forthis? (No, the betel nuts are not effective antihelminthics.)
Which of the following parasites can lead to a fatal infection for patients with immune deficiency?a) Enterobius vermicularisb) Toxoplasma gondiic) Entamoeba colid) Pediculus humanus capitis e) Sarcoptes scabiei
Several persons working in an exercise gym acquired an acute diseasecharacterized by fever, cough, pneumonia, and headache. Treatmentwith erythromycin cleared it up. The source was never found, but anenvironmental focus was suspected.a. What do you think might have caused the disease?b. People in a different gym got skin lesions after sitting in aredwood hot tub. Which pathogen could have caused that?
Propionibacterium acnes is a normal member of the skin microbiome that benefits the body by lowering the skin's pH- an antimicrobial effect. However, P. acnes is also the leading cause of acne. Explain mechanistically how can a bacterium be normal and beneficial but also be pathogenic?
Which of the following substances is not produced by phagocytes todestroy engulfed microorganisms?a. hydroxyl radical b. superoxide anion c. hydrogen peroxide d. bradykinin
Which of the conditions below would make someone moresusceptible to infection with Listeria monocytogenes?a. being pregnantb. being elderlyc. undergoing chemotherapyd. all of these would make a person more susceptible
Propionibacterium acnes is a normal member of the skin microbiome that benefits the body by lowering the skin's pH- an antimicrobial effect. However, P. acnes is also the leading cause of acne. Explain mechanistically how can a bacterium be part of the normal microbiome and beneficial but also be pathogenic?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause disease in immunocompromised people. What are two characteristics - either epidemiological or part of its biology - that make P. aeruginosa an important opportunistic pathogen? Its lack of endotoxin in cell walls helps it stay "invisible" to phagocytes It forms endospores It is common in its environmental reservoir It is resistant to many disinfectants and antibiotics
The swelling of limbs typical of elephantiasis is due toa. allergic reaction to the filarial wormb. granuloma development due to inflammation by parasitesc. lymphatic circulation being blocked by filarial wormd. heart and liver failure due to infection
Fecal-oral infections are usually a result of __________. View Available Hint(s) for Part A foodborne transmission bodily fluid transmission airborne transmission waterborne transmission