Firm X sells output at a price of $8 per unit and pays labor a wage of $20 per hour. The marginal product of labor is given by: MPL = 12 – .1L. To maximize profit, the firm should utilize hours of labor. a) 75 b) 80 c) 85 06 (p e) 95
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- It is easy to conclude that when hiring workers in the short run whose marginalproductivity rises, the average product of labor will rise as well. However, if workersproductivity declines, average product of labor may still be rising. Explain why this mayhappen.Suppose that labor is the only input used by aperfectly competitive firm. The firm’s productionfunction is as follows:Days of Labor Units of Output0 days 0 units1 72 133 194 255 286 297 29a. Calculate the marginal product of each additionalworker.b. Each unit of output sells for $10. Calculate thevalue of the marginal product of each worker.c. Compute the demand schedule showing thenumber of workers hired for all wages from zeroto $100 a day.d. Graph the firm’s labor-demand curve.e. What happens to this demand curve if the price ofoutput rises from $10 to $12 per unit?Q.1.20 An upward-sloping labour supply curve illustrates that ceteris paribus; (a) the quantity of labour supplied and the hours of work per week aredirectly related.(b) the quantity of labour supplied and the price of labour used to produceoutput are inversely related.(c) individuals use higher income to buy back leisure time.(d) a greater quantity of labour would be supplied at higher wage rates .Q.1.17 Marginal cost is defined by: (a) total cost increases when one more unit is produced.(b) fixed cost increases when one more unit is produced.(c) Total revenue increases when one more unit is produced.(d) average cost increases when one more unit is produced.
- Consider a manufacturing firm in a labor market that isperfectly competitive. There are two kinds of workers: productiveworkers whose marginal revenue product is $48,000 per year, andlazy workers whose marginal revenue product is $40,000 per year. Itis difficult for the firm to differentiate between productive andlazy workers. A local college offers a new yearlong astronomy course. Althoughthe cost of tuition is the same for both types of workers, thepsychic cost of having to work hard and get a passing grade islower for productive workers because they are able to learn morequickly than lazy workers. Therefore, the cost of taking the class(including the cost of tuition as well as the psychic cost) is$5,000 per year for a productive worker and $10,000 per year for alazy worker. Because astronomy has little relevance tomanufacturing, taking the class does not increase or decrease aworker's productivity. The firm uses the class as a way to differentiate betweenproductive and lazy…Suppose that the production function is Yt = AtKt^(1/2) Lt^(1/2) where Yt is output, Kt is the stock of capital and Lt is amount of labor firms hire. Assume that Kt = 100, At = 2. (a) Firms in this economy maximize their profits, given by revenue net of labor costs: Yt −WtLt . Derive the firm’s labor demand curve. (b) Workers in this economy maximize their utility, given by U(Ct , Nt) = log(Ct) − Nt , where Ct is consumption and Nt is the amount of labor workers supply. Their budget constraint is Ct = WtNt . Derive the workers’ labor supply curve. (c) Calculate the equilibrium wage rate and employment in this economy using the expressions for labor demand and supply you derived above. Also calculate the total amount of output the economy produces. (d) Suppose that capital doubles, to Kt = 200. Calculate what happens to the wage rate, employment and output. Illustrate the effects of this increase in capital graphically, using a labor demand/supply diagram.The use of cannibus was legalized in canada in 2017. Lets assume that the cannibus in canada sector perfectly competitive. Assume labour is the only variable input and that an additional input of labour increases total output from 5 to 12 ounces of cannibus. If cannibus sells for 10$ per ounce in perfectly competitive matket, the MRP of this additional worker is A) 120$ B) 10$ C) 7$ D) can be possitive or negative E) 70$
- QUESTION ONESuppose a firm’s production function is given by Y = 4L0.5 and its (inverse) product demand curve is P = 20 −0.5Y. The firm can hire labour at a wage rate of K12. a) Find an expression for the marginal product of labour. b) How many workers will the firm hire? c) What level of output does the firm produce? and What price will it charge?Farmer Joe’s production function is f(x1, x2) = x1/31 x1/32, where x1 isthe number of pounds of lemons he uses and x2 is the number of hours he spendssqueezing them. His cost function is c(w1, w2, y) = 2w1/21 w1/22y3/2, where y is thenumber of units of lemonade produced.(a) If lemons cost $1 per pound, the wage rate is $1 per hour, and theprice of lemonade is p, what is his marginal cost function?(b) What is his supply function?(c) If lemons cost $4 per pound, the wage rate is $9 per hour, and theprice of lemonade is p, explain in detail how these changes would affect theoriginal supply function in part (b)?a)The technical rate of substitution between factors X2 and X1 is 4. If you desire to produce the same amount of output but cut your use of X1 by 3 Units, how many more units of X2 unit will you need. b) Why will a monoponist undeemploy and underpay its workers compared to a perfectly competitive firm. c) Explain what happens to the marginal Factor cost of hiring a worker faced by the Monoponist when the elasticity of the supply Curve is infinitely large.
- write down the optimization problem for a representative firm and show the profit-maximizing point graphically and discuss about it. b) Derive the rule of labor hiring for a firm that operates in the short-run.If the Labor Demand Curve is given by the equation W = 18 – 0.5L, then the maximum willingness to pay for the 16th worker is Group of answer choices a) $8.50. b) $11. c) $10. d) $8. e) $17.Your enterprising uncle opens a sandwich shop that employs 11 people. The employees are paid $15 per hour, and a sandwich sells for $3. If your uncle is maximizing his profit, the value of the marginal product of the last worker he hired is , and that worker's marginal product is sandwiches per hour.