For the Digital-to-Analog converter circuit shown in Fig. 1, if the LOW state voltage is 0 Volt, and the HIGH state voltage is +10 Volt , and R1=1KΩ, R2=2KΩ, R3=4KΩ, R4=8KΩ, R5=1KΩ: a) find the output voltage Vout for the entered binary numbers 0001, 0010, 0100, 1000. b) sketch the output voltage Vout for the sequence binary numbers from 0000 to 1111.

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Digital to Analog Converters

Digital to analog converters are commonly known as DAC, digital analog converter, D2A, or Digital-to-Analog converters. DACs are one of the important devices used in the electronics and electrical domain. DACs are the systems that convert a digital signal into an analog signal, whereas an analog to digital converter or ADC performs the opposite function. Digital signals are those signals that can represent the information or data as a set of discrete values. At a particular instant of time, a digital signal can only take a particular value of data. A digital signal is characterized by two unique values; zeros and ones, or true and false, represented by the Boolean domain. These are also known as binary signals or logic signals. Unlike digital signals, an analog signal is represented by continuous values, where at any time instant, the analog signal is represented by a real number.