For the following, identify command syntax and what each piece of the command line accomplishes:
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For the following, identify command syntax and what each piece of the command line accomplishes:
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- Function decode(comm, null, 0, comm) is the same asA) NVL(comm, 0)B) decode(comm, comm, comm, 0)C) update emp set comm = 0 where comm is null;D) update comm = 0 when comm is nullTopic: Concepts of programming Language Kindly provide a bit detailed answer 4. a) Consider the following program, written in JavaScript-like syntax:// main programvar x, y, z;function sub1() {var a, x, z;. . . }function sub2() {var a, b, y;. . .}function sub3() {var a, y, w;. . .}Given the following calling sequences and assuming that dynamic scoping isused, what variables are visible during execution of the last subprogramactivated? Include with each visible variable the name of the unit where it isdeclared.“main calls sub1; sub1 calls sub3; sub3 calls sub2.”13:12 Exercise 13.7.1: A patient record consists of the following fixed-length fields: the patient's date of birth, social-security number, and patient ID, each 10 bytes long. It also has the following variable-length fields: name, address, and patient history. If pointers within a record require 4 bytes, and the record length is a 4-byte integer, how many bytes, exclusive of the space needed for the variablelength fields, are needed for the record? You may assume that no alignment of fields is required. 13:12 Exercise 13.7.3: Suppose that the patient records of Exercise 13.7.1 are augmented by an additional repeating field that represents cholesterol tests. Each cholesterol test requires 16 bytes for a date and an integer result of the test. Show the layout of patient records if. a) The repeating tests are kept with the record itself. b) The tests are stored on a separate block, with pointers to them in the record
- Suppose x = 6 and y = 11. What will be stored in d after the following sequence of commands is executed: push 2, push x, sub, push y, push 9, add, add, pop d. Group of answer choices 14 15 16 17 None of the above[11:43 PM, 7/23/2022] +254 719 743842: The purpose of this assignment is to learn to develop multi-process programs. You are expected to extend the myshell.c program and add pipelines and I/O redirections. In particular, your shell program should recognize the following: > - Redirect standard output from a command to a file. Note: if the file already exists, it will be erased and overwritten without warning. For example, COP4338$ ls > 1COP4338$ sort myshell.c > 2Note that you're not supposed to implement the Unix commands (ls, sort, ...). You do need to implement the shell that invoke these commands and you need to "wire" up the standard input and output so that they "chain" up as expected. >> - Append standard output from a command to a file if the file exists; if the file does not exist, create one. For example, COP4338$ sort myshell.c >> 1COP4338$ echo "Add A Line" >> 1< - Redirect the standard input to be from a file, rather than the keyboard. For…2. For reading and for processing data of employee records stored in a file named employee.txt,the contents of it need to be reversed from end to beginning. Write a C program to read a file in serial way, and reverse the contents of the employee record and then, again traverse and read the record in the newly reversed file.
- Modify this code to let it run concurrently to send and receive any messages between 2 processes and take one command line argument to change between 2 processes, for example, 1 or 2 to indicate the process 1 or process 2. #include <unistd.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h>#include <fcntl.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/stat.h>#define FIFO_NAME “/tmp/my_ fo”int main(int argc, char *argv[]){int res, open_mode = 0; if (argc < 2){fprintf(stderr, “Usage: %s <[O_RDONLY, O_WRONLY, O_RDWR, O_NONBLOCK]>\n”, *argv); exit(EXIT_FAILURE);}argv++;if (*argv){if (strncmp(*argv, “O_RDONLY”, 8) == 0)open_mode |= O_RDONLY;if (strncmp(*argv, “O_WRONLY”, 8) == 0)open_mode |= O_WRONLY; if (strncmp(*argv, “O_RDWR”, 6) == 0) open_mode |= O_RDWR;if (strncmp(*argv, “O_NONBLOCK”, 10) == 0)open_mode |= O_NONBLOCK;} if (access(FIFO_NAME, F_OK) == -1{res = mk fo(FIFO_NAME, 0777);if (res){fprintf(stderr, “Could not create fo%s\n”,…Please explain step by step how processes are created. 1. Including the parent process, how many processes are created by the following program? Assumethat all fork() system calls succeed. #include <unistd.h>#include <stdio.h>int main(int argc, char **argv) {for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)fork();/* ... */}2. Given the following program, please determine how many times the word “hello” is printed out.Assume that fork() is always successful. #include <sys/types.h>#include <stdio.h>int main() {pid_t a, b;a = fork();b = fork();if (a == 0)b = fork();if (b == 0)a = fork();printf(“hello\n”);return 0;} 2. Given the following program, please determine how many times the word “hello” is printed out.Assume that fork() is always successful. [1 pt]#include <sys/types.h>#include <stdio.h>int main() {pid_t a, b;a = fork();b = fork();if (a == 0)b = fork();if (b == 0)a = fork();printf(“hello\n”);return 0;}Provide a function emptyWebStorage that will remove all entries from local storage and session storage. Note: The remaining buttons and paragraphs do not have id attributes. You will need to construct selectors to meet these challenges.
- Pls do question 1 until 4 , i need asap tqq Question1 Analyse pgmEcho.c to identify how it should be improved, then rewrite it so that it is more modular, more suitable for reuse, and properly defensive in terms of errors. Note that this should involve understanding the remaining tasks as well. Question 2 Write a programme called pgmComp which takes two pgm file names as arguments, reads them in and tests whether they are logically identical.III. Question 3 Modify pgmEcho and pgmComp to accept binary PGM as well as ASCII, and write utilities called pgma2b to convert the ASCII form to the binary, and pgmb2a to convert the binary form to the ASCII. Question4 Write a programme called pgmReduce which takes 3 arguments:1. an input file (either ASCII or binary)2. an integer factor n, and3. an output fileand reduces the input file by that factor in each dimension. For example, if the invocation is:pgmReduce inputFile 5 outputFileand inputFile is a 13x17 image, then outputFile should…Explain the conditions in which using functions is not essential to the scripting process.SAME PARAMETERS: In the RENTALS table shown in fig 2, 40 customers have created 50 rental contracts over time. A RENTALS record is 122 bytes and the block size for your OS is set to 1024 bytes with each block having a 1 byte pointer to the next written block as well as a 1 byte pointer to the next physically consecutive block. Assuming spanned organization, how many blocks do you estimate the RENTALS file is using at its current size? multiple choice a.50 b.6 c.400 d.7