Four solutions of an acid dissolved in water are sketched below, as if under a microscope so powerful individual atoms could be seen. The same volume of solution is shown in each sketch. Rank the solutions by the strength of the dissolved acid. That is, select 1 under the solution of the strongest acid, 2 under the solution of the next strongest acid, and so on. = H₂O Note: Solution 1 (Choose one) Solution 3 (Choose one) Explanation Check Solution 2 (Choose one) Solution 4 (Choose one) X 5 MacBook Pro © 2023 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use Privacy Center Accessibility

Four solutions of an acid dissolved in water are sketched below, as if under a microscope so powerful individual atoms could be seen. The same volume of solution is shown in each sketch. Rank the solutions by the strength of the dissolved acid. That is, select 1 under the solution of the strongest acid, 2 under the solution of the next strongest acid, and so on. = H₂O Note: Solution 1 (Choose one) Solution 3 (Choose one) Explanation Check Solution 2 (Choose one) Solution 4 (Choose one) X 5 MacBook Pro © 2023 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use Privacy Center Accessibility

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter14: Acids And Bases

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7RQ: Table 13-4 lists the stepwise Ka values for some polyprotic acids. What is the difference between a...

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Consider all acid-base indicators discussed in this chapter. Which of these indicators would be suitable for the titration of each of these? (a) NaOH with HClO4 (b) acetic acid with KOH (c) NH3 solution with HBr (d) KOH with HNO3 Explain your choices.
Table 13-4 lists the stepwise Ka values for some polyprotic acids. What is the difference between a monoprotic acid, a diprotic acid, and a triprotic acid? Most polyprotic acids are weak acids; the major exception is H2SO4. To solve for the pH of a solution of H2SO4, you must generally solve a strong acid problem as well as a weak acid problem. Explain. Write out the reactions that refer to Ka1 and Ka2 for H2SO4. For H3PO4, Ka1 = 7.5 103, Ka2 = 6.2 108, and Ka3= 4.8 1013. Write out the reactions that refer to the Ka1, Ka2and Ka3equilibrium constants. What are the three acids in a solution of H3PO4? Which acid is strongest? What are the three conjugate bases in a solution of H3PO4? Which conjugate base is strongest? Summarize the strategy for calculating the pH of a polyprotic acid in water.
Two strategies are also followed when solving for the pH of a base in water. What is the strategy for calculating the pH of a strong base in water? List the strong bases mentioned in the text that should be committed to memory. Why is calculating the pH of Ca(OH)2 solutions a little more difficult than calculating the pH of NaOH solutions? Most bases are weak bases. The presence of what element most commonly results in basic properties for an organic compound? What is present on this element in compounds that allows it to accept a proton? Table 13-3 and Appendix 5 of the text list Kb values for some weak bases. What strategy is used to solve for the pH of a weak base in water? What assumptions are made when solving for the pH of weak base solutions? If the 5% rule fails, how do you calculate the pH of a weak base in water?
A solution is made by diluting 25.0 mL of concentrated HCl (37% by weight; density = 1.19 g/mL) to exactly 500 mL. Calculate the pH of the resulting solution.
Ionization of the first proton from H2SO4 is complete (H2SO4 is a strong acid); the acid-ionization constant for the second proton is 1.1 102. a What would be the approximate hydronium-ion concentration in 0.100 M H2SO4 if ionization of the second proton were ignored? b The ionization of the second proton must be considered for a more exact answer, however. Calculate the hydronium-ion concentration in 0.100 M H2SO4, accounting for the ionization of both protons.
A bottle of concentrated hydroiodic acid is 57% HI by weight and has a density of 1.70 g/mL. A solution of this strong and corrosive acid is made by adding exactly 10.0 mL to some water and diluting to 250.0 mL. If the information on the label is correct, what volume of 0.988 M NaOH is needed to neutralize the HI solution? Suggest an indicator for the titration.
Estimate the pH that results when the following two solutions are mixed. a) 50 mL of 0.3 M CH3COOH and 50 mL of 0.4 M KOH b) 100 mL of 0.3 M CH3COOH and 50 mL of 0.4 M NaOH c) 150 mL of 0.3 M CH3COOH and 100 mL of 0.3 M Ba(OH)2 d) 200 mL of 0.3 M CH3COOH and 100 mL of 0.3 M Ba(OH)2
Ionization of the first proton from H2SeO4 is complete (H2SeO4 is a strong acid); the acid-ionization constant for the second proton is 1.2 102. a What would be the approximate hydronium-ion concentration in 0.150 M H2SeO4 if ionization of the second proton were ignored? b The ionization of the second proton must be considered for a more exact answer, however. Calculate the hydronium-ion concentration in 0.150 M H2SeO4, accounting for the ionization of both protons.
Four different substances of the generalized formula HA were dissolved in water, with the results shown in the diagrams. Which of the diagrams represents the substance that is the strongest electrolyte?
Phenol, C6H5OH, is a weak organic acid. Suppose 0.515 g of the compound is dissolved in enough water to make 125 mL of solution. The resulting solution is titrated with 0.123 M NaOH. C6H5OH(aq) + OH(aq) C6H5O(aq) + H2O() (a) What is the pH of the original solution of phenol? (b) What are the concentrations of all of the following ions at the equivalence point: Na+, H3O+, OH, and C6H5O? (c) What is the pH of the solution at the equivalence point?