from the Sun (luminosity = 4x1026 Watts) before it appeared as bright as a 100-Watt light bulb appears from 2 meters away (assuming all 100 Watts are converted into light)?

Q: Which of the below is a possible evolutionary outcome for the Sun (given in the correct…

A: outcome for the  sun is nebula, main sequence star, red giant, white dwarf. nebula collapses under…

Q: Which type of fusion reaction supports stars for the longest time? Group of answer choices hydrogen…

A: The hydrogen to helium fusion reaction supports stars for the longest time. Because, the force of…

Q: Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram Blue or blue white White Yellow Red orange Red Superglants beleignne…

A: In this problem, it is asking about the brightest star.

Q: Why is the sun orange?

A:

Q: The expanding bubble of hot gas shown in the figure, which has been inflated by the light from a…

A:

Q: Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram Blue or blue w White Vellow Red orange Red Rioe Supergl Beteigeuse Main…

A: The region of main sequence contains large number of stars than any other region. Therefore most of…

Q: Russell Diagram Blue or blue-white Red orange Red Superglants Main Sequence Glants Hipho Centour B…

A: Stars are the object which doesn't take any energy to enlighten itself or in simple words stars are…

Q: Fill in the diagram below that shows the Life Cycle of Stars. Use the words in the box to complete…

A: The complete diagram is shown below:

Q: 3) indicate which locations in the H-R diagram correspond to places where the evolution is slow.…

A: Using the H-R diagram shown the places where the evoultion has been slow is identified.

Q: What is nebulae?

A: The  cloud of dust and gas that is known to fill up the space between stars in the solar system such…

Q: Where is Uranium produced? Group of answer choices In the early universe after the Big Bang. In the…

A: During supernova explosions, this is very powerful explosion creating atomic nuclei during the…

Q: The luminosity of the Sun is 3.83 × 1026 W. This energy comes from fusion during which some matter…

A:

Q: The luminosity of Spica is about 5x1030 Joules/second. A mass MH of Hydrogen that undergoes…

A:

Q: Giant and supergiant stars are 10 to 1,000 times larger in diameter than the sun and   a. are half…

A: Given statement :  "Giant and supergiant stars are 10 to 1,000 times larger in diameter than the…

Q: a star converted every bit of its mass into energy the conversion efficiency would be 100%. However,…

A:

Q: If the Sun expanded to a radius 10 times its current size and its temperature decreased by 55%, how…

A: Given  Radius of sun increased by 10 times Temp decreased buy 55% Tf = 0.45 Ti

Q: 1141|1 Section Three - Understanding Main Ideas Low Mass Star Dust C. --0- 1. Red giant 2. Protostar…

A:

Q: What characterizes a star of spectral-type A in the visible part of the spectrum? Strong lines…

A: Spectral type A has wavelength ranging from 290-390 nm. They have very strong hydrogen lines.

Q: You are observing a different star which has a normal measured flux of 29.7 photons per second. The…

A: Normal measured flux = 29.7 photons per second Decrement in the brightness of star =…

Q: Determine the surface gravity on a neutron star. Assume the star has a mass 50% bigger than the…

A: mass of Sun = 1.98 * 1030 Kg mass of neutron star = mass of sun + 50%mass of sun  = 1.5 * 1.98 *…

Q: Why do bigger stars burn out quicker(have a shorter lifespan

A:

Q: You are on an interstellar mission from the Earth to the 8.7 light-years distant star Sirius. Your…

A: Given data : mass of proton, m = 1.673 × 10-27 kg  density of interstellar medium, d = 1 hydrogen…

Q: A star with an original mass of 9MSun undergoes an active period where it experiences mass loss via…

A: Given data: Mass of the star, Mstar=9Msun Time, t=1.1 million years = 1.1×106 years New mass,…

Q: Consider three main sequence stars: Star A is 12000 K, Star B is 6000 K, Star C is 3000 K. What are…

A: Given, Star A = 12000 K temprature  Star B = 6000 K temprature  Star C = 3000 K temprature   So the…

Q: and is 10^16m distant from us, what would we measure its brightness to be? If we then moved that…

A:

Q: If the Sun expanded to a radius 160 times its current size and its temperature decreased by 55%, how…

A: SOlution: Given that Rnew = 160R Tnew = (1-0.55)T Tnew = (0.45)T

Q: Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram Blue or blue-white White Yellow Red-orange Red O Rigel Supergiants…

A: Option a is the right answer  Red color of the stars have lowest surface temperature

Q: If a star converted every bit of its mass into energy the conversion efficiency would be 100%.…

A:

Q: A star with a radius three times that of the Sun and a surface temperature twice that of the Sun,…

A: Given data: Radius of star (R') = 3R Surface temperature of star (T') = 2T Required: Luminosity of…

Q: You are observing a different star which has a normal measured flux of 29.7 photons per second. The…

A: Ans)Given dataRadius=4.1-108mmass-1.6×1030 kglumminosity=1.3×1026wNormal measured flux=29.7…

Q: Vega Star of radius (1.6832) million km emit a) thermal radiation as a black body radiation at…

A:

Q: You observe two randomly chosen stars 10,000 lightyears from Earth. One is in the disk of the Milky…

A: In this question we have to observe two randomly chosen stars 10,000 lightyears from Earth. One is…

Q: The brightness of a "young" star sometimes increases and decreases as a result of regional areas of…

A: Let the average magnitude of brightness be denoted as Mavg. Mavg=4.3Variation from mean value: ±0.31…

Q: The radius of the nebula is about 0.401 light-years. The gas is expanding away from the star at a…

A: Given that, r=0.401 light year1 light year=9.46×1015 mr=0.401×9.46×1015=3.79×1015 mThe particle at…

Q: If a star converted every bit of its mass into energy the conversion efficiency would be 100%.…

A: The total energy accounted for the total mass of the sun can be calculated as below,

Q: Why does lower mass star live longer that a higher mass star

A: Lower mass star is those stars which have more number of a hydrogen atom in themselves as compared…

Q: Betelgeuse is a nearby supergiant that will eventually explode into a supernova. At peak brightness,…

A:

Q: The current precision of the Doppler shifts in the absorption lines in stellar spectra is ~3 km s-1.…

A:

Q: The Local Bubble is:

A: Option —A

Q: A planet orbits 1 AU from a star that is 3.5 times as massive as our Sun. How does the star's…

A: Given data: Earth's temperature, T=287 K Mass of star, m=3.5M where M is the mass of Sun.

Q: Describe how we can estimate the temperature of stars based on their blackbody (thermal) curve.

A:

Q: A planet orbits 1 AU from a star that is 3.5 times as massive as our Sun. How does the star's…

A: The star’s luminosity (L*) may be compared to that (LSun) of the Sun by using their respective…

Q: A mole contains 6.02 * 1023 particles (atoms, molecules, etc.). If you wanted to reach Alpha…

A: Given:  Number of atoms in one mole = 6.023 x 1023  distance of alpha centuri, D = 4.367 light year…

Stellar evolution

We may see thousands of stars in the dark sky. Our universe consists of billions of stars. Stars may appear tiny to us but they are huge balls of gasses. Sun is a star of average size. Some stars are even a thousand times larger than the sun. The stars do not exist forever they have a certain lifetime. The life span of the sun is about 10 billion years. The star undergoes various changes during its lifetime, this process is called stellar evolution. The structure of the sun-like star is shown below.

Red Shift

It is an astronomical phenomenon. In this phenomenon, increase in wavelength with corresponding decrease in photon energy and frequency of radiation of light. It is the displacement of spectrum of any kind of astronomical object to the longer wavelengths (red) side.