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- If the friction headloss is significantly changing in a pipe flow, which of the following is most and first affected?Group of answer choices A. pressure head B. elevation head C. total head D. velocity headFluid Mechanics Problem 1) A rectangular gate 3 meters high and 1.2 meters wide is hinged at the top. A force to keep the gate closed is applied at the bottom with an angle of 45 degrees with the veritcal. Compute the following if the water surface is 0.9 meters below the top of the gate. Use 9.81kN/m^3 as water's specific weight. a. the total hydrostatic force acting on the gate in kN. b. the distance of the total hydrostatic force measured from the liquid surface in meter. c. the magnitude of the force at the bottom of the gate in kN. 2) Use 9.81kN/m^3 as water's specific weight. Consider the rectangular gate shown in the figure. If the gate has a length of 2 meters, determine: a. the force exerted by the water on the left side of the gate in kN. b. the force exerted by the water on the right side of the gate in kN. c. the horizontal force at B required to turn the gate about the hinge in kN.A fully developed two-dimensional duct flow of width W and height D has a parabolic velocity profile, as shown in Figure P8.40. (a) If w ≫ D, show that the wall shear stress τw is related to the pressure gradient dp/dx according to dp/dx = −2τw/D. (b) Express the pressure gradient in terms of the velocity on the centerline, the fluid viscosity µ, and the duct height D. (c) How does the z-component of vorticity vary with y?
- An 83-mm-diameter siphon is drawing oil (SG = 0.85) from an oil reservoir, as shown in the figure. If the velocity of flow in the pipe is 'v', the head loss from point 1 to point 2 is 6v2/2g, and the head loss from point 2 to point 3 is 2v2/2g. Find the absolute pressure (in kPa) at point 2. Use atmospheric pressure, Patm = 102 kPa. Use y1 = 5 m., and y2 = 7 m.A sluice gate flows into a horizontal channel as shown in the figure. Determine the flow through the gate per meter width when y=1.0m and d1=6m. Assume that the pressure distributions at section 1 and 2 to be atmospheric and neglect losses in the channel. Use coefficient of contraction Cc= .85 and coefficient of velocity is Cv=.95.A water main line is composed of two pipes connected in series, pipes AB and BC. Pipe AB is 500 m long and 30 cm in diameter while pipe BC is 800 m long and 20 cm in diameter. Point C is 10 m higher than point A. The pressure at point C is 3 kg per square cm higher than the pressure at point A and the coefficient for minor head losses due to contraction and enlargement are 0.40 and 0.25 respectively. Determine the discharge and flow direction on the water main line using Darcy-Weisbach formula with f = 0.02 for all pipes. Draw approximately the EGL and HGL.
- Inan open-channel flow, the free surface, the hydraulic gradient. and energy gradient lines are such that (a) the three of them coincide (b) the first two coincide (0) the last two must remain parallel (d)the first and the last must remain parallel (e) the three of them are different but parallel(50m x 50m) swimming pool. The pool is 2m deep and pumps maintain a slow, steady horizontal flow within the basin at 2 cm/s. Please calulate the Reynolds number and Rossby numbers.Consider a rectangular channel of width b=7.5 m, in which the hydraulic jump occurs and one of its stays is equal to 45 cm. A flow rate Q=54 m3/s passes through the channel. Determine: a) the other conjugate tie rod b) energy losses c) type of jump that occurs d) jump length
- Compute the velocity head of the jet if the larger diameter is 10cm and the smaller diameter is 30mm. The pressure head at point 1 is 30m of the flowing water and the head lost between points 1 and 2 is 5% of the velocity head in jet. (Give the diagram, formula and solution)With the chamber-pipe system in the figure, the ideal fluid (water) taken from the infinitely sized chamber A is poured into the atmosphere with a 40 cm fixed diameter BCDEF pipe. Since zB=29, zC=10, zD=28.5, zE=5 and zF=28 meters according to the comparison plane;a) Calculate the flow of the system.b) Draw the relative load (energy) and piezometer lines of the system.c) Determine where the greatest pressure will be observed throughout the system and calculate its relative value.Estimate the equivalent hydraulic conductivity for flow in the horizontal direction. Also calculate the ratio of kv(eq)/kH(eq). Suppose that k1 = 15 x10^-4 cm/s, k2= 5.0x10^-4 cm/s, k3= 3.0 x10^-4 cm/s, k4= 2.0 x10^-4 cm/s, H1= 1.0 m, H2 = 2.0 m, H3 =1.5 m, H4 =1.0m. kH(eq) = kV(eq)/kH(eq)=