How can you calculate the final concentrations of these when final volume is 50 µl? • 2 µl of 5 ng DNA template (α2 cDNA in pAWneo2 vector, stock concentration 2.5 ng/µl) • 1 µl of dNTP mix (10 mM dATP, 10 mM dTTP, 10 mM dCTP and 10 mM dGTP) • 2 µl of α2I forward primer (5 µM) • 2 µl of α2I reverse primer (5 µM) • 2.5 µl of OneTaq polymerase (0.5 U/µl)
Q: How can tissue culture techniques be used to study the effects of environmental factors, such as…
A: Tissue culture techniques, also known as in vitro culture or micropropagation, involve the growth…
Q: 13. Properties of male and female rat nociceptors that respond to painful mechanical stimuli (for…
A: In this discussion, we are going investigate a study by Hendrich et al. (2012) that explored the…
Q: B cell-receptors differ from T cell-receptors in that ________. A) B cell-receptors are…
A: B cells & T cells are two types of lymphocytes involved in the adaptive immune response. Both of…
Q: Might there be any microbiological reason for hanging laundry to dry in the sunlight?
A: The study of all living things that are too tiny to see with the naked eye is known as microbiology.…
Q: If you wanted to use the replication of a virus to simulate the process of replication of an animal…
A: Virus replication is the process by which a virus makes copies of itself within a host cell. When a…
Q: What occurs in the body with cancer? Cells are prevented from undergoing cell division. New cells…
A: Millions of individuals throughout the world are affected by the complex and potentially fatal…
Q: List the five modes of action of antibiotics.
A: Antibiotics are a class of drugs used to treat bacterial infections. They work by targeting specific…
Q: The purpose of the study described in this article was to: a. investigate the effect of increasing…
A: Intertidal invertebrates are a wide variety of creatures found in the area known as the intertidal…
Q: Which reactions have a positive AS rxn? 2 A(g) + 2 B(g) → 5 C(g) A(s) + 2 B(g) → C(g) A(g) + B(g) →…
A: Entropy is a measure of the degree of disorder or randomness of a system. It is a thermodynamic…
Q: Leptin signaling helps to regulate the body’s energy needs by facilitating insulin signaling from…
A: Leptin and insulin are two hormones that play an important role in regulating appetite. Leptin is…
Q: Will a red blood cell undergo crenation, lysis, or no change in each of the following solutions? a.…
A: Depending on the direction and strength of water transport across the cell membrane, red blood cells…
Q: G proteins are involved whenever A. Binding of messenger molecules to cell surface receptors…
A: A G protein, also known as a guanine nucleotide-binding protein, is a type of protein found in cells…
Q: True or False: In visual receptive fields, light falling in the center always has the opposite…
A: Visual receptive fields are the specific regions in the visual field that can elicit responses in a…
Q: Mom has a genotype of Aa Bb and Dad is Aa bb. The A and B genes live on different chromosomes. Draw…
A: Meiosis is a specialized form of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms. It…
Q: How do plants make their own food
A: Green plants are called producers because they supply food to the entire living Kingdom. For this…
Q: Which of the following are scientific statements? Choose all that apply. A Liquid water always has a…
A: The following could be a question that requires basic considering and problem-solving abilities to…
Q: Pseudomonas bacteria have porin proteins, are resistant to the chemical triclosan, and survive and…
A: Pseudomonas is a genus of Gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that are found widely in the environment,…
Q: Which statement best describes the recovery of the Mexican wolf population? A. It is experiencing…
A: The Mexican wolf, which was listed as an endangered species in 1976, has been the subject of…
Q: Which of the following is false concerning immunoglobulin IgM? O First immunoglobulin class made in…
A: Immunoglobulin also called as antibodies are the special proteins which are produced by plasma…
Q: C. elegans can be viewed under a dissecting scope; their movement normally is sinusoidal, actually…
A: A mutation is a change in the genetic material (DNA) of an organism. It can occur spontaneously or…
Q: p53 is a transcription factor. true or false
A: A transcription factor is a protein that regulates gene expression by binding to specific DNA…
Q: Apple puree was analyzed for petulin by HPLC-MS-MS after SPE clean-up. The procedure was 10.0g of…
A: This query involves the determination of patulin, a mycotoxin produced by certain molds (e.g.,…
Q: 1. In Drosophila flies, eye color is sex-linked. The allele for red eyes (X") s dominant to the…
A: According to Bartleby guidelines, we are supposed to answer first three subparts in case of multiple…
Q: Which of the following events did NOT occur during the Cenozoic?
A: The Cenozoic Era is a geological era that began around 66 million years ago and continues to the…
Q: What type of cells secrete antibodies? A) Cytotoxic T cells B) Helper T cells C) B cells…
A: Antibodies are glycosylated protein molecules, also known as immunoglobulin. Antibodies are antigen…
Q: If f(A) = 0.8 and f(a) = 0.2, what is the frequency of AA if the population is at Hardy- Weinberg…
A: The Hard-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) is a principle in population genetics that describes the…
Q: In each cell if DNA polymerase I is non-functional, how would it affect the leading strand
A: In prokaryotic organisms, DNA replication is primarily regulated by the enzyme DNA polymerase I. It…
Q: Which of the following viruses is an RNA virus that causes many cases of hepatitis from intravenous…
A: An RNA virus is a type of virus that contains RNA as its genetic material instead of DNA. RNA…
Q: You are working as a virologist for the CDC. In your work you spend much time searching for new…
A: A virus is a microscopic infectious agent that consists of genetic material, either DNA or RNA,…
Q: A geneticist has a strain of diploid plants. The gene orders for two of the chromosomes in this…
A: A type of chromosomal defect known as reciprocal translocation occurs when two non-homologous…
Q: the role of immunoglobulins in clinical pathology testing. Provide an example.
A: Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, play a significant role in clinical pathology testing.…
Q: What is the mortality rate of Behcet's disease?
A: Behcet disease is an unidentified auto-inflammatory systemic vasculitis. Mucocutaneous symptoms,…
Q: Genetic drift in sola can cause the loss of alleles and bottlenecks. Lay out your plan to avoid…
A: Genetic drift is an unexpected and unintentional evolutionary shift in the allelic frequencies of a…
Q: A student inoculates Escherichia coli into two test tubes containing the same sterile liquid medium,…
A: Antimicrobial effect refers to the ability of a substance or agent to inhibit the growth or kill…
Q: the period between mitoses, divided into G1, S, and G2 is a) M phase b) interphase c) C…
A: Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells with the same number and type…
Q: True or False: The areas of cortex devoted to processing information from the fovea are larger than…
A: The fovea is a small, specialized region located at the center of the retina in the eye. It is…
Q: Short tandem repeat sequences (STRS) can be used for DNA fingerprinting because O they can be…
A: DNA fingerprinting, also known as DNA profiling or genetic fingerprinting, is a technique used to…
Q: Name four intracellular mediators that G proteins impact.
A: G-proteins (Guanine or GTP binding proteins) are the surface proteins that play a crucial role in…
Q: In the rare rainbow rose, it has been shown that flower color is controlled by 2 genes. No one knows…
A: To determine which hypothesis is correct, we can use a chi-squared test to compare the observed and…
Q: What statistical analysis should you use to determine LD50 of solutions of treated and un-treated…
A: The following is a question related to statistical analysis for determining LD50 values in toxicity…
Q: You are recording from neurons in a non-human primate and have noticed that these neurons fire in…
A: In the neurological system, neurons are specialised cells that carry electrical and chemical…
Q: Parkinson's disease is linked to destruction of the caudate and putamen. extensive death of neurons…
A: Parkinson's disease is a chronic and progressive neurological disorder that affects the central…
Q: The primary site for absorption of nutrients is small intestine large intestine stomach pancreas…
A: Energy is a necessity for all living things, and nutrients provide it. Additionally, nutrients help…
Q: How do middle-aged adults outperform younger adults? processing speed reaction time adaptability…
A: cognitive performance is influenced by many factors, including genetics, environment, and lifestyle.…
Q: The table describes the characteristics of a given location. Characteristic Description Average…
A: A biome is a significant natural region on Earth that is distinguished by a unique flora, fauna, and…
Q: suggest any alternative methods that could be used to create the mutations that were unsuccessful in…
A: Mutations are changes that occur in the DNA sequence of an organism. These changes can occur…
Q: 1) How many bases are found (on one of the strands) in a single twist of a DNA helix: a) 3.4…
A: Note According to bartleby guidelines only first question is to be answered. So please upload…
Q: How were the marine invertebrates counted and surveyed in this study? a.All invertebrates of a…
A: Here we'll study different ways to count and look at sea animals without backbones in a research…
Q: Compare and contrast infectious diseases with immune diseases. Provide a detailed example of each to…
A: Diseases can be defined as abnormal conditions or disorders that affect the normal functioning of…
Q: How are biological communities classified? Select all that apply. A. mimicry behaviors exhibited…
A: Biological communities are groups of populations of different species that live together &…
How can you calculate the final concentrations of these when final volume is 50 µl?
• 2 µl of 5 ng DNA template (α2 cDNA in pAWneo2 vector, stock concentration 2.5 ng/µl)
• 1 µl of dNTP mix (10 mM dATP, 10 mM dTTP, 10 mM dCTP and 10 mM dGTP)
• 2 µl of α2I forward primer (5 µM)
• 2 µl of α2I reverse primer (5 µM)
• 2.5 µl of OneTaq polymerase (0.5 U/µl)
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- How much 340bp insert DNA should be added to a ligation in which 50ng of 4.3kb vector will be used? The desired vector: insert molar ratio needs to be 1:3.What volume of 4X loading buffer must be added to 21 micro L of DNA in a technique for DNA sample preparation for agarose gel electrophoresis to generate a 1X buffer solution?Please answer the following using the experiment data below. Provide the formulas or methods used for calculations of each. Number of colonies on LB/amp/ara plate = Micrograms of DNA spread on the plates = Transformation efficiency = DNA plasmid concentration: 0.08 μg/μl 250 μl CaCl transformation solution 10 μl pGLO plasmid solution 250 μl LB broth 100 μl cells spread on agar 227 colonies of transformants
- In a protocol for DNA sample preparation for agarose gel electrophoresis, what volume of 4X loading buffer must be added to 21 micro L of DNA to obtain a 1X buffer solution?what type of gel(in terms of material) can be more suitable for the electrophoresis of 500-1000bp DNA fragment and why?Is a faded gel matrix in a DNA ladder in agarose gel electrophoresis still useable for analysis or not?
- You add 3.0 µg of plasmid DNA to a QIAprep spin miniprep purification column. You perform the binding in a binding buffer at pH 6.8. What portion (%) of the 3.0 µg of plasmid DNA would you expect to bind to the column in these conditions? What portion (%) of the bound plasmid DNA would you expect to elute using elution buffer at pH 8.5? Make the following assumptions:• Solid phase silanol groups can have a very wide range of pKas. For the purpose of this problem, assume the silica gel functional group (silanol) in the DNA purification column matrix has a pKa of 7.5.• If a DNA molecule and column matrix functional groups have the same charge state, then that DNA molecule will be repelled and will not bind to the column. If they do not have the same charge, binding occurs.A plaque assay is performed beginning with 1 mL of a solution containing bacteriophages. This solution is serially diluted 4 times by combining 0.1 mL of each sequential dilution with 9.9 mL of liquid medium. Then 0.1 mL of the final dilution is plated in the plaque assay and yields 21 plaques. What is the initial density of bacteriophages in the original 1 mL? Recall that initial phage density = (plaque number/mL) ×× (dilution factor).What is the criterion for DNA fragments movement on agarose gel during gel electrophoresis?
- Explain: Describe an electrochemical sensor assay method for rapid bacterial detection and identification. What are the principles and mechanisms involved? functionalization of a sensor array with DNA oligonucleotide capture probes for ribosomal RNA (rRNA) species-specific sequences. sandwich hybridization of target rRNA with the capture probe and a horseradish peroxidase linked DNA oligonucleotide detector probe. Explain how bacteria are being detected using an electrochemical sensorDo virtual restriction digests of 300ng pGLO plasmid using HinDIII, EcoRI, and XhoI separately, and a double digest of pGLO with HinDIII plus EcoRI. How many nanograms of DNA should we expect to be contained within the slowest bandfrom the HinDIII-digest of pGLO?Compare and contrast the principle behind DNA migration in agarose gel electrophoresis from that of protein migration in SDS-PAGE.