How do electroneutral co-transporters depend on the transmembrane potential? Select one: a. They depend on the transmembrane potential to some extent b. They are completely independent of the transmembrane potential c. They very slightly depend on the transmembrane potential d. They strongly depend on the transmembrane potential
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- Assume that a membrane permeable to Na+ but not to Cl- separates two solutions. The concentration of sodium chloride on side 1 is higher than on side 2. Which of the following ionic movements would occur? a. Na+ would move until its concentration gradient is dissipated (until the concentration of Na+ on side 2 is the same as the concentration of Na+ on side 1). b. Cl- would move down its concentration gradient from side 1 to side 2. c. A membrane potential, negative on side 1, would develop. d. A membrane potential, positive on side 1, would develop. e. None of the preceding is correct.In primary/direct active transport, does ATP always have to be involved? Definitions seem to say the movement must be coupled with an exergonic reaction. Wouldn't the movement of a solute down its concentration gradient be exergonic, or is this an incorrect statement?In terms of their effect on the rate of diffusion, which of the following is the odd one out? a) decreasing the surface area of the membrane b) decreasing membrane permeability c) decreasing lipid solubility of the diffusing molecule d) decreasing the concentration gradient of the diffusing molecule e) decreasing the thickness of the membrane
- Which of the following is incorrect about membrane transport systems? a. Glucose transport in red blood cells is a uniport system b. The Na+/K+ ATPase is an antiport system c. The H+/K+ ATPase is an active transport system d. The chloride-bicarbonate exchanger in erythrocytes is a uniport systemAmong the membrane transporters, the channels require energy and therefore are involved in active transport. * D. Disagree, because channels are not proteins and therefore are not involved in active tranport. A. Agree, because channels are associated with H+-ATPase. B. Disagree, because the pumps are the ones involved in active transport. C. Agree, because channels are proteins involved in active transport.Which of the following factors would tend to increasemembrane fluidity?(A) a greater proportion of unsaturated phospholipids(B) a greater proportion of saturated phospholipids(C) a lower temperature(D) a relatively high protein content in the membrane
- Molecules cannot move naturally through tje selmembrane against its diffusion gradient,but it does.Explain this statement critically using the sodium-potassium pump diagram• Describe the concept of transport maximum (Tm). • Explain the membrane potential and the equilibrium potential. • What information does the Nernst Equation provide? What is the limitation inherent to the Nernst Potential?Describe the effect of a blocker of cellular ATP production (e.g. anoxia plus sodium fluoride) on transport rate of ZZZ if transport occurs by active transport, simple diffusion and protein-mediated diffusion
- A) Based on the drawings above, which molecules were able to diffuse through the 150 MWCO membrane? B) Which molecules(s) were not able to diffuse? Why not? C) Which side of the chamber had the greater osmolarity/osmotic pressure and how could you tell?Solution A is hyperosmotic to solution B. If solution A is separatedfrom solution B by a selectively permeable membrane, does watermove from solution A into solution B, or vice versa? ExplainFor the following modes of transport for membranes, tell whether the flow is with or against chemical potenial. Meaning +deltaG or -deltag A. Passive Diffusion B.Faciliated Diffusion C.Active Transport