How do neuropeptides compare to other transmitters?

Q: What are the types of Receptor cells?

A: The specialized structures which are made up of protein molecules are known as receptors. These are…

Q: How do Signal transduction pathways differ between lipid-solubleand water-soluble messengers?

A: Introduction  Hormones regulates various physiological activities of the body such as growth,…

Q: Child birth What is the Receptor?

A: Parturition is the reflex that that has the potential to giving birth to the young ones. It…

Q: Why is it important that in an aquatic environment, there are several receptors?

A:

Q: What is Antipredator Defenses ?

A: Predators as well as preys are well equipped for adapting to their surrounding.

Q: Why does tolerance not develop with drugs that target ion

A: Tolerance is a biological process in which repeated and increasing frequency of dose of the drug is…

Q: What are the advantages and disadvantages of receptor adaptation to an organism?

A: We have a well-developed system to respond to any stimulus. The sensory receptors work in close…

Q: What do tastants activate?

A: A tastant is a water-dissolvable chemical that creates a taste sensation by activating taste…

Q: How do first messengers differ from second messengers?

A: CELL SIGNALLING:-  It is a method of transmitting signals from one cell to another through chemical…

Q: What is the function of most intracellular receptors?

A: There are various kinds of receptors present in the body at the cellular level. They are of the…

Q: What is the dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor?

A: Dihydropyridine (DHP):                            A voltage-dependent calcium channel functions in…

Q: What are AMPA Receptors?

A: We have to explain about AMPA receptors.

Q: Why doesn’t the receptor dimerize and signal in the absence of EGF?

A: Epidermal protein receptor (EGFR) communication pathways resulting in G1/S cell cycle progression…

Q: What is a main reason for side effects with traditional drugs that bind to the active site of a…

A: Some of the traditional drugs that are known to act on the single active site of a receptor, can…

Q: What does Calmodulin-dependent protein kinases lead to?

A: Transferases are a class of enzymes that facilitate transferring groups from one molecule to…

Q: What is the difference in structure between G-protein linked receptors and enzyme-linked receptors?

A: The structure of G-protein linked receptors is different from the enzyme linked receptors.

Q: In what direction does a message move in a neuron?

A: The neurons are the basic cells or units of the brain. These specialized cells have been developed…

Q: Receptors can be inactivated in at least which three other ways?

A: Receptor inactivation can employ in various ways involving the removal of the ligand by degradation…

Q: How does Merkel’s receptor function in the body. Give an example on how it functions

A: The epidermis contains Merkel cells (outer layer of the skin). They do actually function as touch…

Q: Why did steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs lose popularity to NSAIDs?

A: Both steroidal anti inflammatory drugs as well as non steroidal Anti inflammatory drugs where used…

Q: ● What are the characteristics of surface receptors and their ligands compared to nuclear receptors?…

A: Introduction : A receptor is a cell, tissue or an organ that is able to identify and respond to a…

Q: How can the same signal (ligand) , result in different cellular responses in different cell types…

A: A ligand is an ion, which gives a pair of electrons to the central metal atom or ion to form a…

Q: What are SASPs and what is their function?

A: The bacteria are the unicellular organisms. They possess certain compounds that define their…

Q: What is transmitter gated ion channels? What is their purpose?

A: Ion channel – the integral membrane protein in the cell membrane that allows the passage of ion…

Q: what process do transmitter molecules move across the synaptic cleft?

A: Neurons communicate with one another at junctions called synapses. At a synapse, one neuron sends a…

Q: What is second messengers?

A: Introduction: Messengers in the cell are chemical substances that carry out signals to different…

Q: How does signal transduction work?

A: The cell signalling is the process of cell communication within the body. It is the ability of cells…

Q: What Happens When Receptor Signals Are Transduced?

A: Signal transduction is a process in which signal molecules assist the cell in communicating with it,…

Q: How is the synaptic cleft cleaned up to end Signal Transmission

A: An electric impulse to the nerve passes through the first axon. When the nerve impulse at the end of…

Q: What are the Regulations of Receptors?

A: Introduction: Receptor regulation is the homeostatic reduction or increase of receptor action in…

Q: What happens when cAMP binds to the kinase?

A: cAMP is cyclic AMP ( adenosine monophosphate), cAMP used in intracellular signal transduction as…

Q: The drug Celebrex selectively inhibits PTGS2 while aspirin and other NSAID’s inhibit both PTGS1 and…

A: Prostaglandin plays wide variety of roles in our body from helping in digestion to propagating pain…

Q: How does a receptor “know” which signaling molecules to bind?

A: Signaling Receptors are a type of receptor that sends out signals. Receptors are ligand-binding…

Q: What is cAMP-dependent protein kinase?

A: In contrast to kinases that modify lipids, carbohydrates, or other molecules, a protein kinase…

Q: How Are Receptor Signals Transduced?

A: Introduction: When a ligand binds to the outside region of the receptor, signal transduction occurs.…

Q: What are the advantages of having an enzyme (like adenylyl cyclase) involved in the initial response…

A: The small molecules and ions that relay signals received at receptors on the cell surface for…

Q: What are the three pathways that are most affected by D2 antagonists and what are their purposes and…

A: Impact of Pathways: [D2 antagonists] Mesolimbic pathway ~ Hyperactivity of dopamine mediates…

Q: How are neuropeptides special compared to other transmitters?

A: Signalling molecules are secreted by one cell to regulate the functioning of the other or the same…

Q: All the following transmitters are neuropeptides, except :-a- neuropeptide Yb- somatostatinc-…

A: Neuropeptides refers to the small protein like molecules which are produced and released by neurons.…

Q: What are pattern recognition receptors?

A: Introduction :- Proteins called Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) can identify chemicals…

Q: What happen when the signal is not terminated?

A: Cell will not be able to respond properly to new stimuli. The errant signals may lead to…

Q: How does methadone treatment work

A: Methadone is an opioid analgesic that is used in the medication regimen of severe pain that is not…

Defense Mechanism

Circumstances influence and compel people to behave in a certain way. One such behavior is a defense mechanism. It is employed by people to escape from unpleasant circumstances, thoughts and actions. Defense mechanisms are, thus, psychological strategies that help to avert and avoid unwanted feelings such as guilt or shame and situations such as threat and danger.