How does a latent infection differ from a chronic infection?

Q: How may the “immunologically privileged” status of the immune system play a role in latent…

A: Some microbes can remain inactive in the host bodies. They hide from the host immune system. For…

Q: Explain the Action of the complement system against abacterium ?

A: Complement is a complex protein network of plasma and an integral part of the innate immune system.…

Q: What is an opportunistic pathogen?

A: A pathogen is bacteria, virus, or other microorganisms that can cause disease

Q: What are the steps in a lysogenic infection?

A: The lysogenic cycle is the process through which a virus replicated its DNA by using a host cell.…

Q: What is the symptom-free period of a disease called?

A: Producing only a few, mild symptoms, disease is paucisymptomatic. Symptoms appearing later, after an…

Q: Describe the major anatomical and biochemical barriers to infection?

A: Infection refers to the invasion and multiplication of micro-organisms such as bacteria, viruses,…

Q: What is the expected result if a compromised person is exposed to a true pathogen?

A: The term 'immuno-compromised' refers to the condition of an individual whose immune defenses are…

Q: Can a disease be detected before its symptoms appear?Explain the principal involved.

A: Disease:   When an organism’s body system does not work properly or any organ affects by viruses,…

Q: Describe the clinical stages of infection

A: Clinical infections are the diseases caused by the microbes such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and…

Q: Describe the role of non-specific macrophages in preventing infection

A: The immune system of the body protects the organisms from the harmful pathogen. Pathogens are the…

Q: How Virulence Factors Contribute to Tissue Damage?

A: Virulence factors refer to the molecules generated by pathogens such as viruses, fungi, protozoa,…

Q: describe the external barriers to infection, including how they function and why they are…

A: Innate immune system responds to the infection by activating the first line of defense that includes…

Q: What is incubation period of a disease? What are the factors that affect the length of incubation…

A: The common history of an untreated transferable illness has four phases: phase of presentation,…

Q: Which are the major routes of transmission of HIV are through?

A: A virus is a submicroscopic powerful expert that imitates right inside the living cells of a living…

Q: Explain how antibiotics work to rid the body of infection.

A: Antibiotics are the drugs used to the cells. It can be antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial and…

Q: What is the Name of the cycle of latent infectious such as chicken pox or cold sores, which hang out…

A: A virus is a sub microscopic particle that is infectious in nature. It shows characteristics of a…

Q: Describe typical, local, and systemic signs of infection.

A: Infection is the multiplication of the microorganisms in the body. There are mainly four types of…

Q: What is the difference between bacterial vs. viral illnesses?

A: Infection occurs when a harmful, disease-causing microorganism invades and multiplies within the…

Q: How does Mycobacterium ulcerans evade the immune system?

A: Introduction:- Mycobacterium TB complex, which causes tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae and…

Q: How are acute, chronic, and latent infections different from one another?

A: Acute infection are those infections which occur in a relatively short time (rapid onset) (like in…

Q: What is the nature of infectious disease?

A: Pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria , viruses , parasites or fungi, cause infectious…

Q: At what body sites do pathogens typically attach and colonize?

A: Microorganisms or microbes are microscopic organisms that exist as unicellular, multicellular, or…

Q: What are three mechanisms pathogens use to block the immune system?

A: Introduction  The body's defence against infection is provided by the immune system, a vast network…

Q: Differentiate between exogenous and endogenous infections.

A: Infections are caused when a foreign pathogenic organism infects the host and becomes hostile…

Q: Why do certain drugs become immunogenic to the host?

A: Introduction :- Immunogenicity, which is defined as a cell or tissue's capacity to elicit an immune…

Q: What is the meaning of infective stage, pathogenic stage and diagnostic stage?

A: Infectious biology deals with the pathogens and their mode of infection in the host and the diseases…

Q: What is the pathogenesis of ALL?

A: ALL is the type of leukemia and its full form is acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It is the most common…

Q: Explain the relationship between the infection chain and transmission of infection ?

A: All elements of the infection chain must be present for an infection to occur. Transmission is a…

Q: What conditions compromise host defenses against microorganisms?

A: The term "human microbiome" refers to the complex biological system of microbes that resides in and…

Q: Identify the normal defenses of the body against infection ?

A: A disease is a specific aberrant condition that affects the structure or function of all or part of…

Q: differentiate  between a viral infection and a bacterial infection?

A: Living organisms that are not visible to human eye but can be observed under a suitable microscope…

Q: Why are pathogenic disease referred to as transmissible disease?

A: The condition of complete well-being of social, physical, and mental condition is termed as health.…

Q: What are pathogens?

A: Communicable diseases or infectious diseases are the one which gets spread from one individual to…

Q: Why is the evasion of phagocytosis a type of virulence factor?

A: Virulence factors are substances that aid germs in invading the host at the cellular level. These…

Q: What are the three things required for an infection to occur? Give an example of each.

A: Under favorable circumstances, pathogenic organisms can gain access into body systems to cause a…

Q: In what ways is a phagocyte a tiny container of disinfectants?

A: Phagocytes are the cells which protects the body by the process of ingesting the harmful foreign…

Q: which pathogen is the most virulent?

A: ID50 measures the minimum size of population of infection causing agents required to initiate and…

Q: Define infectious dose, and explain its role in establishing infection.

A: Infections are a result of infectious doses. Organisms that spread these infections are known as…

Q: What factors influence the body’s resistance to infection?

A: The body's resistance to infection includes the ability of the body to fight against the infection.…

Q: What types of infections can occur after AIDS has developed in the body?

A: AIDS (Acquired immuno Deficiency Syndrome )or HIV(Human Immuno-deficiency Virus) destructs the…

Q: Differentiate among lytic infection, latent infection, chronic infection,and transformation.

A: Viruses are minute particles that are made up of only their genetic material which may be DNA or RNA…

Q: what are pathogen?

A: The microorganisms on the earth exist in different forms, shapes, sizes, and in a diverse range of…

Q: What major events occur during an inflammatory reaction, and how do they contribute to pathogen…

A: The inflammatory response, or inflammation, is initiated by a cascade of chemical mediators and…

Defense Mechanism

Circumstances influence and compel people to behave in a certain way. One such behavior is a defense mechanism. It is employed by people to escape from unpleasant circumstances, thoughts and actions. Defense mechanisms are, thus, psychological strategies that help to avert and avoid unwanted feelings such as guilt or shame and situations such as threat and danger.