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Biology

How does a specific gene affect phenotype?

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305112100

Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Chapter20: Chromosomes And Human Genetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2RQ: What is a carrier of a genetic trait?

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Question

How does a specific gene affect phenotype?

Definition Definition Observable physical traits or characteristics of an organism, which are determined by its genetic makeup (genotype) as well as environmental factors. These traits can include anything from eye color or height to behavior or disease susceptibility. Understanding an organism's phenotype is important in fields such as genetics, medicine, and ecology.

Expert Solution

Step 1

Phenotype is defined as the physical properties that are observed in an organism. Thus, the phenotype is a whole set of traits or characters that are present in an organism.

Step 2

The relation between gene and phenotype is termed as pleiotropy. Genes carry information which is responsible for determining physical traits. Genes are found on the chromosomes and are made up of DNA, and thus, it carries traits for determining phenotype.

All individuals in a species will have the same set of genes, for example, in peas, there is a gene for determining pod colour, and each gene can have several different alleles. Thus, these alleles that are present in a gene will determine the pod colour and hence, the phenotype.

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