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A: Genetic engineering is defined as the direct manipulation of an organism’s genes including heritable…
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- What is the role of Agrobacterium tumefaciens in the production of transgenic plants? a. Genes from A. fume fociens are inserted into plant DNA to give the plant different traits. b. Transgenic plants have been given resistance to the pest A. tumefacaens. c. A. wmefaciens is used as a vector to move genes into plant cells. d. Plant genes are incorporated into the genome of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.Which statement(s) below regarding DNA mutations is true: A. Mutations only occur in genes B. Mutations always result in phenotypic alterations C. Mutations are only induced by extrinsic (environmental) factors D. Mutations can occur in promoters E. Point mutations can be caused by transposons or “jumping genes”a) How are mutations beneficial for plant breeding? Discuss with an example b) Explain in brief the technology that made us self-sufficient in food production.
- What is the role of Agrobacterium tumefaciens in the production of transgenic plants?a. Genes from A. tumefaciens are inserted into plant DNA to give the plant different traits.b. Transgenic plants have been given resistance to the pest A. tumefaciens.c. A. tumefaciens is used as a vector to move genes into plant cells.d. Plant genes are incorporated into the genome of Agrobacterium tumefaciensWhich letter is correct A. Genetic engineering is preferred because a desired gene to crops may not exist in their species, so conventional agriculture could not be applied. B. Conventional agriculture is preferred because they're natural, and don't have interference in their genome, so they're healthier. C. Genetic engineering is preferred because through it, we can create new species of plants resistant to pests. D. Conventional agriculture is preferred because they produce more crop compared to genetic modifications.Why do plants and animals thrive with so many transposable elements in their genomes?a. Most of the transposable elements are inactive due to mutation.b. Active transposable elements are silenced by the host.c. Most transposable elements are inserted in safe havens.d. All of the above are true.
- The CFTR gene is very well conserved from mice to humans. What conclusions can you make about CFTR based on this information? A. The coding sequence of the CFTR gene is less susceptible to mutation B. CFTR is just as susceptible to mutation as other genes, but many CFTR mutations are lethal thereby preventing them from being passed on C. The protein encoded by the CFTR gene has a critical function in those organisms D. A and C only E. B and C onlySome genes evolve more rapidly than others. But how can this be demonstrated?In the experiment of Figure shown , a met− bio− thr+ leu+ thi+ cellcould become met+ bio+ thr+ leu+ thi+ by a (rare) double mutationthat converts the met− bio− genes into met+ bio+. Likewise, a met+bio+ thr− leu− thi− cell could become met+ bio+ thr+ leu+ thi+ bythree mutations that convert the thr− leu− thi− genes into thr+ leu+thi+. From the results of Figure shown, how do you know that the occurrenceof 10 met+ bio+ thr+ leu+ thi+ colonies is not due to thesetypes of rare double or triple mutations?
- What is mutation? Explain the significance of mutation in plant breeding. Give an example of a disease resistant variety of cultivated plant induced by mutation.In the paper we read at the beginning of the term the coat color differences in the beach mice were driven by change in the melanocortin-1 (MCR-1) gene between the color morphs. Based on this information what can you conclude about the mutation causing the color change? a. It is a nonsynonymous substitution. b. The mutation is considered silent. c. The mutation is a transition. d. It is a synonymous substitution.You are working in a lab that studies stickleback fish. These fish normally have three spines that occur on the back of the stickleback. One day you notice that a young stickleback has no spines on its back but instead has three spines growing out of the top of its head! Question: Briefly explain a study you could do to test if the difference between the mutant and wild type fish was due to a difference in the structural gene that makes the spines or due to a difference in gene expression.