i) Determine the efficiency of the "annihilation" of a positron with an electron via the reactionee → 2y (taking the two gamma rays as the energy produced)

Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN:9781938168284
Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Chapter16: The Sun: A Nuclear Powerhouse
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 35E: Models of the Sun indicate that only about 10% of the total hydrogen in the Sun will participate in...
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class notes to determine the amount
2 neutrinos produced in a ppl chain.
c) Determine the number of H nuclei that need to be consumed every second to
power the luminosity of the Sun (L. = 3.828 × 10²6 W)
d) Convert the result found in c) in kg of hydrogen consumed per second.
e) Use the result found in d) to estimate the Main Sequence lifetime of the Sun by
assuming that it will consume about 10% of its total mass before running out of H
in its core. Express your result in seconds.
f) Does the result found in e) make sense when you convert it into years?
g) Determine the "efficiency" of the ppl chain by calculating the ratio
(energy produced in J)/ (mass of fuel consumed in kg).
h) Compare the efficiency found in g) to the efficiency of a typical chemical reaction
such as the burning of graphite: C+02 CO₂ +AE (AE = 393.5 kJ/mol).
@
i) Determine the efficiency of the "annihilation" of a positron with an electron via
the reaction: ete → 2y (taking the two gamma rays as the energy produced)
j) Convert the results found in parts g) and h) into %, considering the % efficiency
of a reaction is 100% when all the matter is destroyed to be converted into energy
(as is the case with et + e→ 2y).
jw=f
2
m(²)
BE
Hilroy
S
MAA
Transcribed Image Text:class notes to determine the amount 2 neutrinos produced in a ppl chain. c) Determine the number of H nuclei that need to be consumed every second to power the luminosity of the Sun (L. = 3.828 × 10²6 W) d) Convert the result found in c) in kg of hydrogen consumed per second. e) Use the result found in d) to estimate the Main Sequence lifetime of the Sun by assuming that it will consume about 10% of its total mass before running out of H in its core. Express your result in seconds. f) Does the result found in e) make sense when you convert it into years? g) Determine the "efficiency" of the ppl chain by calculating the ratio (energy produced in J)/ (mass of fuel consumed in kg). h) Compare the efficiency found in g) to the efficiency of a typical chemical reaction such as the burning of graphite: C+02 CO₂ +AE (AE = 393.5 kJ/mol). @ i) Determine the efficiency of the "annihilation" of a positron with an electron via the reaction: ete → 2y (taking the two gamma rays as the energy produced) j) Convert the results found in parts g) and h) into %, considering the % efficiency of a reaction is 100% when all the matter is destroyed to be converted into energy (as is the case with et + e→ 2y). jw=f 2 m(²) BE Hilroy S MAA
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