If Y=C+l+G+NX , C = 100 + 0.8YD , YD=Y-TA , TA = 0.25Y , I=300-20i , G= 120, NX= -20 , M=600 , L=0.5Y-25i a) Find AD function in this economy; b) If the AS curve is Y=30P+385, find the equilibrium output and price; c) If the central bank increases the money supply by 390, find new output and price level; d) if the economy's potential GDP is 685, then what will be the inflation rate in the long-run after the monetary expansion in question c.
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- Given the following information: - The economy is in the long-run equilibrium. - The Fundamental Equation of Monetarism is true. - The income velocity of money is constant and the money supply is fixed: v=0.15 M=5600 - The production function is Y=F (L,K) = 8×√L×√K - The endowment of resources is given by the input combination (L,K) = (49,25) A. Find the equation of the aggregate demand curve. B. What is the equation of the long-run aggregate supply curve? C. What is the equilibrium price level when the unemployment rate is at NAIRU?PLEASE ANSWER ALL MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (1-4) 1. Which of the following is FALSE in regards to an overnight target rate of 3.25%? a) The Bank of Canada will pay 3% interest on Chartered Banks' deposits with the Bank of Canada. b) The Bank of Canada will charge 3.5% on loans taken by the Chartered Banks from the Bank of Canada. c) The unemployment rate MUST be equal to the overnight target rate. Hence the unemployment rate is ALSO EQUAL to 3.5%. d) The overnight target rate is the interest rate that Chartered Banks will use when borrowing and lending money to each other. e) There are NO FALSE statements. All solutions provided are correct. 2. If there is an expected increase in Canada's overnight rate, what should we expect to occur? a) The Canadian dollar will be more valuable relative to other currencies. The Canadian dollar sees an increase in demand by foreigners seeking Canadian bonds and interest bearing investments. b) Canadian exports will rise. c) The stock market will…Consider a scenario of a closed economy in the short run where price level is fixed. Assume that both taxes and money supply increase in a way that keep output constant in equilibrium (suppose that the marginal propensity to consume is less than one). Which of the following may result from the policy change? a) It will lead to an increase in investment but a decrease in consumption.b) It will result in an increase in investment but a decrease in government spending.c) It will lead to an increase in investment and private saving.d) It will decrease investment but increase in public saving.
- The horizontal axis is labeled real output. Points Q 1, Q subscript f, and Q 2 are marked on the horizontal axis from left to right. The vertical axis is labeled price level. Points P 1, P 2, and P 3 are marked on the vertical axis from bottom to top. A rising line labeled A S 1 begins at the bottom left, passes through e (Q subscript f, P 1) and g (Q 2, P 2), and ends at the top-right. Another rising line labeled A S 2 begins at a point that is above the starting point of A S 1 passes through a (Q 1, P 1), b (Q subscript f, P 2), c (Q 2, P 3), and ends at a point that is above the ending point of A S 1. Another rising line labeled A S 3 begins at a point that is above the starting point of A S 2 passes through f (Q 1, P 2), d (Q subscript f, P 3), and ends at a point that is above the ending point of A S 2. Refer to the diagram. Assume that nominal wages initially are set based on the price level P2 and that the economy initially is operating at its full-employment level of output…Assume the U.S. is a closed economy and that it is starting out in both SR and LR equilibrium. Assume that not all prices are sticky. The Fed has been raising interest rates the last few months and will likely continue to do so. One result of this is that home loan (mortgage) rates have shot up from < 3% to over 7%, sending house prices across the U.S. lower (on average). Banks are also seeing loan default rates increase (not just for home loans, but for all loans) and are being more cautious about the loans they make and are increasing the amount of money they set aside to handle the expected loan defaults. A. Using appropriate graph(s), show and explain the short-run impact(s) of the events described above on the U.S. economy. B. Using just an AD/AS graph (and starting from your result in A), show and explain what happens in the long run. Put your new graph and explanation belowConsider a macroeconomic model for an open economy with the government. Consumption is given by C = 250 + bYd, where b = 0.8, Yd = (1-t)Y, and t = 0.1. Investment is given by I = 1,200 – 2,000R, and net export is given by X = 525 – 0.1Y – 500R. Assume that G = 1,200. Money demand is given by (Md/P) = 0.1283Y – 1,000R. Assume that P = 1, and the fixed money supply is given by (Ms/P) = 900. Drive the expression for the IS curve from the model. Drive the expression for the LM curve from the model. Drive the IS-LM equilibrium from the model.
- Assume that the housing market is in equilibrium in year 1. In year 2, the mortgage rate that banks charge consumers decreases, but producers are not affected. Also in year 2, the cost of lumber used to build homes decreases. Which of the following is most likely to be the equilibrium change? a The equilibrium will be at point C before the change in expectations and point B after the change b The equilibrium will be at point A before the change in expectations and point B after the change c The equilibrium will be at point A before the change in expectations and point E after the change d The equilibrium will be at point E before the change in expectations and point A after the changeAssume the following model of the closed economy in the short run, with the price level (P) fixed at 1.0: C=0.5(Y-T) T=1000 I=1500-250r G=1500 Md/p=0.5Y-500r Ms=1000 a) Derive a numerical formula for the IS curve, showing Y as a function of r alone. B)Derive a numerical formula for the LM curve, showing Y as a function of r alone. C) What are the short-run equilibrium values of Y, r, and national saving (S)?d)Assume that G increases by 1,500 (i.e., G = 3; 000). By how much will Y increase in short-run equilibrium? e)You are the chief economic adviser in this hypothetical economy. Do you believe that fiscal policy is more potent than monetary policy? Briefly discuss f)Derive the numerical aggregate demand (AD) curve for this economy, expressing Y as a function of PA principle difference between the new Classical and the new Keynesian models has to do with the choices made by business firms. We find that: a)new classical business firms choose the output level given the price level, while new Keynesian firms choose the price level given the level of output. b)new classical business firms choose the price level given the output level, while new Keynesian firms choose the output level given the level of output. c)both new classical and new Keynesian firms select the price level, but only new classical firms select the output level. d)both new classical and new Keynesian firms select the output level, but only Keynesian firms select the price level.
- For each of the following scenarios, assume the economy experiences an exogenous decrease in investment demand. For each case, illustrate the IS-LM-FX diagram and state the effect of the shock (increase, decrease, no change, or ambiguous) on the following variables: Y, i, E, C, I, TB. Here, we assume the policy makers’ objective is to keep output fixed at its initial valueP (a) AS(P 100) Q P $560 500 440 (b) AS(P125) Q P $500 440 380 (C) AS(P75) 125 125 125 $620 100 100 100 560 75 75 75 500 Suppose the full employment level of real output (Q) for a hypothetical economy is $500, the price level (P) initially is 100, and prices and wages are flexible both upward and downward. Refer to the accompanying short-run aggregate supply schedules. In the long run, an increase in the price level from 100 to 125 will O increase real output from $500 to $560. Q O change the aggregate supply schedule from (a) to (c) and result in an equilibrium level of real output of $560. O decrease real output from $500 to $440. O change the aggregate supply schedule from (a) to (b) and result in an equilibrium level of real output of $500 downkard. Refer to the accompanying short run aggegate supply schedules. in the long run. an increace in the price level from Show Transcribed TextIn a small closed economy, its aggregate demand and output are given as the equations below, Y = C + I + G; national output or GDP. C = 100 + 0.5(Y-T); consumption, marginal propensity to consume MPC = 0.5. I = 150 – 10*r; investment is a negative function of real interest rate (r as %). (M/P)d = Y – 20*r; real money demand which is adjusted by price level (inflation). G = 200; as government spending. T = 200; as tax. M = 2,400; as money supply. P = 4; the price level. (1) With the equations above, try to derive the IS curve. Tip: recall IS curve represent the relation between national output (Y) and real interest rate (r) in goods market. To derive IS curve, you need to put all components of Y together and find its connection with r. (2) Use the same equations, now try to derive the LM curve. Tip: recall LM curve represent the relation between national output (Y) and real interest rate (r) in money market. So to derive LM curve, you need to consider money supply and demand.…