Please type your answers and respond to each question. BSample Set #5Metamorphic RocksSedimentary rocks exposed to the effects of heat and pressure can undergo extensive chemical and physicalchanges. This alteration is referred to as metamorphism. Figure 4, on the next page, shows a series oflayered rocks consisting of sedimentary formations that have been cut by a dike (cross-cutting planarintrusion), and, at greater depth, intruded by a batholith (large intrusion). It is in situations like this thatsedimentary layers can be metamorphosed due to their proximity to hot, molten rock from whichchemically active solutions are released. Near the dike, rocks which further away are limestones (114) havemetamorphosed into marbles (154). Similarly, sandstones (141) have become quartzites (165). In thevicinity of the batholith, the action of heat and chemical solutions is accompanied by pressure produced bythe batholith as it forces its way upward. Horizontal rock layers exposed to such pressure are folded anddeformed. The result is the highly contorted layering illustrated in Figure 10. Such layering producedduring metamorphism is called foliation. In such situations, rocks undergo varying degrees ofmetamorphism depending on their proximity to the batholith and to the intensity of deformation. Shales(112) can be metamorphosed to slates (159), schists (167), and gneiss (173) as metamorphic intensityincreases.IGNEOUSROCKSORIGINALLYSANDSTONEORIGINALLYLIMESTONEORIGINALLYSHALE165 XX 154DIKE167XBATHOLITH99X 159X 114X 141X 112X 173FIGURE 4: Generalized cross-section of a sequence of sedimentary rocks intruded by an igneous batholith.The layers show their original horizontal orientation away from the batholith where pressure resulting fromthe upward movement of the batholith is small, but near the batholith where pressures are much higher, thelayering has been deformed, and is greatly contorted. The location at which different types ofmetamorphosed and unmetamorphosed rocks occur, along with the ID numbers of representative examplesamong the lab specimens, are noted in the figure by "X". In addition to causing deformation of layering during metamorphism, pressure may actually producelayering during the formation of sedimentary rocks. For example, the sediment, mud, under pressurebecomes shale, a sedimentary rock with a fairly distinct layering. Generally speaking the sources ofpressure producing layering during the formation of sedimentary rocks is not the same as that causingdeformation and metamorphism Examine specimen (112).What force could act on mud to produce the pressure that results in this layering?Reexamine Figure 4. What evidence is there in the illustration to indicate that the rocks have beensubjected to deformation?fIn this situation, what is it that has produced the pressure?Describe the visual differences between shale (112) and slate (159). Can you explain these differencesin terms of a metamorphic process?101

Question

Please type your answers and respond to each question. BSample Set #5Metamorphic RocksSedimentary rocks exposed to the effects of heat and pressure can undergo extensive chemical and physicalchanges. This alteration is referred to as metamorphism. Figure 4, on the next page, shows a series oflayered rocks consisting of sedimentary formations that have been cut by a dike (cross-cutting planarintrusion), and, at greater depth, intruded by a batholith (large intrusion). It is in situations like this thatsedimentary layers can be metamorphosed due to their proximity to hot, molten rock from whichchemically active solutions are released. Near the dike, rocks which further away are limestones (114) havemetamorphosed into marbles (154). Similarly, sandstones (141) have become quartzites (165). In thevicinity of the batholith, the action of heat and chemical solutions is accompanied by pressure produced bythe batholith as it forces its way upward. Horizontal rock layers exposed to such pressure are folded anddeformed. The result is the highly contorted layering illustrated in Figure 10. Such layering producedduring metamorphism is called foliation. In such situations, rocks undergo varying degrees ofmetamorphism depending on their proximity to the batholith and to the intensity of deformation. Shales(112) can be metamorphosed to slates (159), schists (167), and gneiss (173) as metamorphic intensityincreases.IGNEOUSROCKSORIGINALLYSANDSTONEORIGINALLYLIMESTONEORIGINALLYSHALE165 XX 154DIKE167XBATHOLITH99X 159X 114X 141X 112X 173FIGURE 4: Generalized cross-section of a sequence of sedimentary rocks intruded by an igneous batholith.The layers show their original horizontal orientation away from the batholith where pressure resulting fromthe upward movement of the batholith is small, but near the batholith where pressures are much higher, thelayering has been deformed, and is greatly contorted. The location at which different types ofmetamorphosed and unmetamorphosed rocks occur, along with the ID numbers of representative examplesamong the lab specimens, are noted in the figure by &#34;X&#34;. In addition to causing deformation of layering during metamorphism, pressure may actually producelayering during the formation of sedimentary rocks. For example, the sediment, mud, under pressurebecomes shale, a sedimentary rock with a fairly distinct layering. Generally speaking the sources ofpressure producing layering during the formation of sedimentary rocks is not the same as that causingdeformation and metamorphism Examine specimen (112).What force could act on mud to produce the pressure that results in this layering?Reexamine Figure 4. What evidence is there in the illustration to indicate that the rocks have beensubjected to deformation?fIn this situation, what is it that has produced the pressure?Describe the visual differences between shale (112) and slate (159). Can you explain these differencesin terms of a metamorphic process?101

Accepted Answer

What force could act on mud to produce the pressure that results in this layering?
Answer :-
In the…