In an alpha particle (42He) scattering experiment, using a thin gold (19779Au) foil, the initial kinetic energy of the alpha particle is 2.0MeV. (a.) What is the potential energy of the alpha particle/gold nucleus system at closest impact? (b.) Calculate the distance of closest approach. Compare this distance with the radius of the gold nucleus.

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Rutherford's scattering experiment

Rutherford’s scattering experiment is also known as the gold foil experiment. This experiment disproved the plum pudding model of J.J. Thomson. In a gold foil experiment, high-energy alpha particles are made to strike a thin gold foil. The scattered alpha particles are detected using a detector. This experiment showed that the positive charge of the atom is at the center. Most of the atom’s mass is also confined to a small volume at the center. This region is known as the nucleus of the atom.