In CHRONOLOGICAL order, the names of the prominent scientists, when, and what they contributed to the development of Thermodynamics. Please cite your references. These are the ff. scientists: • Gabriel Fahrenheit • Antoine Lavoisier • James Watt • Benjamin Thompson • Nicolas Sadi Carnot • James Joule • Julius Von Meyer • William Thompson • Rudolf Clausius

In CHRONOLOGICAL order, the names of the prominent scientists, when, and what they contributed to the development of Thermodynamics. Please cite your references. These are the ff. scientists: • Gabriel Fahrenheit • Antoine Lavoisier • James Watt • Benjamin Thompson • Nicolas Sadi Carnot • James Joule • Julius Von Meyer • William Thompson • Rudolf Clausius

University Physics Volume 2

18th Edition

ISBN:9781938168161

Author:OpenStax

Publisher:OpenStax

Chapter3: The First Law Of Thermodynamics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8CQ: A great deal of effort, time, and money has been spent in the quest for a so-called perpetual-motion...

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Answer the questions that follow. 1. Explain how the Zeroth law of thermodynamics in the figure A and B. 2. Metal lids on glass jars can often be loosened by running hot water over them. How is this possible? 3. Does it really help to run hot water over a tight metal lid on a glass jar before trying to open it? Explain your answer. 4. When a cold alcohol thermometer is placed in a hot liquid, the column of alcohol goes down slightly before going up. Explain why.
2. We have derived the following equation for the rate of heating of the atmosphere. Only the first term on the right was explained. After reviewing the basics of thermodynamics, you are in a position to explain the second term. Show the steps for deriving the last term in the equation. Speculate why it of interest to change from dependence in z to dependence on p? dT 1 dF 8 dF not net dt C,p dz C, dp
A) System: N oscillators and q = 1. Calculate the number of microstates. B) System: N = 3; q = 4. Calculate the number of ways the heat units can be arranged. Write your answer as an integer C) System: N = 3; q = 10. How many ways can the heat units be arranged? Write your answer as an integer.
Direction: Solve the following problems. Please box your final answer and write your solution clearly. A cargo ship has tanks for carrying fuel oil. The oil is measured in barrels, while the tank dimensions are in meters, 1m x 5m x 15m. How many barrels does the tank hold? How many gallons? (42 gal = 1 barrel) In a non-flow process carried out 5.4 kg substance, there was a specified internal energy decrease of 50 kJ/kg and a work transfer of the substance of 8.5 kJ/kg. Determine the heat transfer and a state whether it is gain or loss.
Physics Hello, I have problems for the physics - thermodynamic, can you please explain to me and show me the steps that I can understand quickly? Many many thanks! 17/ An electric radiator with a power of 1 kW supplies heat to the air. Air expands isobaric. a) what is the increase in internal energy of air per second? b) how long does it take for this radiator to increase the temperature of 100 kg of air (molar mass of 29) by 15 while the pressure remains constant? The answers are 714J per second; 1505s
What are the different laws of thermodynamics? Explain each and give examples.
A. Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer. 1. Which of the following statements best describes the Second Law of Thermodynamics? A. The internal energy of the universe is constant. B. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. C. At absolute zero, the entropy of a crystal is considered to be zero. D. When an isolated system undergoes a spontaneous change, the entropy of the system increases. 2. Which of the following represents a spontaneous process? A. ∆S<0 B. ∆S=0 C. ∆G>0 D. ∆G<0 3. Which of the following has the most entropy? A. an empty classroom B. a tennis ball inside a box C. a flock of birds flying in V formation D. a crowd of people on the streets of Santa Rosa City B. Predict whether ∆S is positive or negative for the reaction: N2(g) + O2(g) → 2NO(g) C. Which has greater entropy? 1mole of NaCl(5) or 1 mol of HCl(g)
What is the First Law of Thermodynamics? Give 1 situation wherein the first law can be applied and explain how it is applied.
Learning Goal: To understand the meaning and the basic applications of pV diagrams for an ideal gas. As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are described by the equation PV = nRT, where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and I is the absolute temperature of the gas. It follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas, PV = constant. One can see that. if the amount of aas remains Figure ЗРО 2po Po Vo 4 6 2V 3V V 1 of 1 ▼ Calculate the work W done by the gas during process 1-3→6. Express your answer in terms of po and Vo. W = 4po Vo Submit ✓ Correct Part E Calculate the work W done by the gas during process 2→6. Express your answer in terms of po and Vo. VE ΑΣΦ W = Previous Answers Submit Provide Feedback Request Answer Part F Complete previous part(s) Part G Complete previous part(s) ?
Learning Goal: To understand the meaning and the basic applications of pV diagrams for an ideal gas. As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are described by the equation PV = nRT, where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and I is the absolute temperature of the gas. It follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas, PV = constant. pV T One can see that if the amount of aas remains Figure ЗРО 2po Po 51 Vo 6 2V 3V < 1 of 1 V A W = 2po Vo Submit ✓ Correct ▼ Part D Previous Answers Calculate the work W done by the gas during process 1-3-6. Express your answer in terms of po and Vo. W = 1 1 119225 Templates Symbols undo redo reset keyboard shortcuts ΑΣΦΑ / Submit Request Answer Part E Complete previous part(s) Part F Complete previous part(s) Part G Complete previous part(s) ! L (
Learning Goal: To understand the meaning and the basic applications of pV diagrams for an ideal gas. As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are described by the equation PV = nRT where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, 12 is the number of moles. R is the universal gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas, constant. One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant, it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas: At least one more parameter would also change. For instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change. To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a graph showing one parameter as a function of the other. Although there are many choices of axes, the most common one is a plot of pressure as a function of volume: a pV diagram. pV In this problem, you will…
Learning Goal: To understand the meaning and the basic applications of pV diagrams for an ideal gas. As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are described by the equation PV = nRT, where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and I is the absolute temperature of the gas. It follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas, Figure 3po 2po Po pV T 51 Vo = constant. 6 2V 3V V Submit ✓ Correct No work is done during a process, if the gas does not experience a change in volume. The absolute value of the work done by the gas during a cycle (a process in which the gas returns to its original state) equals the area of the loop corresponding to the cycle. One must be careful, though, in judging whether the work done by the gas is positive or negative. One way to determine the total work is to calculate directly the work done by the gas during each step for the cycle and then add the results with their respective…