In clonal selection, “who” does the selecting? What is being selected?

Q: Explain the importance of antigen-presenting cell (APC) ?

A: The immune system is responsible for protecting the body from foreign pathogens. Immune system fight…

Q: What is the basis of immunological memory?

A: Definition :- Immunological memory refers to the ability of B and T cells to produce long - lived…

Q: What is the purpose of anti-human IgG antibodies in immunological testing?

A: Each IgG is composed of four peptide chains with two antigen binding sites - two γ-class heavy…

Q: Compare and contrast live attenuated vaccines, inactivatedvaccines, and toxoids. Which of these has…

A: Vaccines are biological preparation that activate the acquired immunity against a particular…

Q: Compare and contrast the mechanisms of antigen challenge and the clonal selection processes of B and…

A: Immunity refers to the body's ability to guard against pathogenic microorganisms. It comprises a…

Q: State the clonal selection model ?

A: The clonal selection model delineates how immunological memory allows a quick reaction upon a second…

Q: Explain the clonal selection theory of antibody specificity and diversity.

A: Introduction: The antibody is a protein secreted by the body to fight against the invasive pathogen…

Q: Discuss the major tenets (principles) of the clonal selectiontheory

A: Clonal selection Theory This states that an individual lymphocyte specifically B cell, expresses the…

Q: How do vaccines work by creating memory Immune Responses?

A: A substance that is used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against a…

Q: Discuss the concept and importance of Herd Immunity.

A: Herd community is an important phenomenon that occurs when a large portion of the community or the…

Q: Describe some ways in which cytotoxic T cells destroytarget cells.

A: Answer- There are many different types of the T- lymphocytes. One of them is Cytotoxic T cells. They…

Q: Identify the intrinsic and extrinsic properties of an immunogen.

A: Immune system protects the body against infection. It is a complex network of cells and proteins.…

Q: Describe the major steps in the clonal selection theory

A: Clonal selection theory immunological theory that describes how the function of immune cells is…

Q: Explain what is meant by serotype-specific immunity.

A: Immunity is a complex biological phenomenon to different between self and nonself or foreign…

Q: ow does clonal selection hypothesis relate to autoimmune responses?

A: The immunological response of the body against its own cells and tissues is referred to as an…

Q: Explain the T cell clonal selection ?

A: The helper T cells or TH cells are the type of T cells that have a role in the adaptive immune…

Q: Briefly describe three ways that antibody diversity is increased.

A: Any foreign material that enters the body and causes harm is referred to as an antigen. The protein…

Q: What is involved in the four categories of B-cell and T-cell-mediatedimmunopathologies outlined by…

A: Hypersensitivity reactions are exaggerated and inappropriate immune responses against antigens or…

Q: How does herd immunity prevent a nonimmune individual fromacquiring a disease? Give an example.

A: The spread of an infectious disease by a highly susceptible population usually differ from the…

Q: Describe how the cells of the acquired-immunity system develop so that they do not recognize…

A: The adaptive immunity is a part of the immune system that is formed of specialized cells that stop…

Q: Explain the clonal selection theory of receptor specificity and diversityin lymphocytes.

A: Antigens are substances that activate the immune system of the body. Antibodies are antigen-binding…

Q: 1. Can create antibodies 2. Can destroy pathogens by secreting perforins 3. Is activated by a…

A: The humoral immune system deals with antigens from pathogens that are freely circulating, or outside…

Q: Howdo positive selection and negative selection contribute to thedevelopment of tolerance in T…

A: The immune system of the body protects the individual from the attack of pathogens or external…

Q: Explain a comparison of good immunogens and poor immunogens.

A: A foreign substance that invades the body and activates the immune system to release antibodies…

Q: How do we boost our immune system? write at least five practical ways.

A: Introduction Immune System:- It is a complex network of cells and proteins that defends the body…

Q: Describe immunity providing at least 4 examples of clients who have low levels of immunity ?

A: This massive network of cells and tissues is committed to finding intruders, and when one is…

Q: How does the Major Histocompatibility Complex relate to clonal selection theory and immune…

A: The immune system of the human body can be divided into innate immunity and adaptive immunity.…

Q: Explain the terms clonal selection and expansions.

A: Immune system can be defined as the defence response against invading pathogens or disease causing…

Q: give an example of an endogenous and exogenous antigen?

A: Exogenous vs. Endogenous antigen:This refers to Where the microbial ANTIGENS are made... inside or…

Q: Can you explain the passive and active immunities?

A: The ability of the body to protect itself from foreign bodies, like, bacteria, toxic substances, and…

Q: Describe immunity providing at least 4 examples of clients who may have low levels of Immunitg

A: Introduction: An individual is said to have a lack of immunity or be immunocompromised when their…

Q: What is active immunty?

A: The science which involves the study of immune system is termed as immunology.

Q: What is the relationship between self-tolerance and clonal deletion?

A: The B and T lymphocytes have specific receptors on their surfaces. In B lymphocytes, this receptor…

Q: Distinguish between positive and negative T cell selection

A: The study of the organism’s immune system is called immunology.

Q: What is the purpose of negative selection of B and T cells? Explain in one sentence.

A: Negative selection is when various cell types are removed, leaving the cell type which is of…

Q: Name three kinds of blood cells that function in nonspecific (innate) immunity.

A: To describe: The three kinds of blood cells that function in nonspecific (innate) immunity.

Q: why is clonal deletion so important? how does it differ from clonal selection

A: Immunology is the branch of medical science that deals with the study of the immune system and…

Q: What are the Immunologic mechanisms?

A: Immunologic mechanisms are molecular or cellular regulatory mechanisms.

Q: what is the importance of immune memory?

A: The immune system can be defined as the type of system in the body which protects the body from the…

Q: What is clonal selection?

A: In the human body, the antibodies along with the other immune cells help to fight against foreign…

Q: escribe the term "in-frame" and also the reason that it would be necessary for the generation of…

A: By the time B lymphocytes reach lymphoid tissue, they have developed their own set of antigens. This…

Q: What is the reason behind antibody diversity?

A: Antibody Antibodies are the molecules (Y-shaped structures) which are produced by the immune system…

Q: Compare and contrast antigenic variation and phase variation.

A: A microbe is a life form that causes sickness. The living body is normally brimming with…

Q: Describe the development of antibodies to a specificantigen.

A: Human body have their own system to protect themselves from harmful bacteria, Viruses which are…

Q: Explain positive and negative selection that occurs during the selection of T-lymphocytes.

A: The immune system is comprised of various cellular and humoral elements such as T, B-lymphocytes,…

Q: What is Herd Immunity and what is its Immunological and public health significance?

A: Introduction :- Here immunity is a type of immunity . Herd immunity is seen when a large part of the…

Q: List the two important features of clonal selection.

A: Clones are the group of cells or organisms that are genetically similar and derived from the same…

Q: How is clonal selection related to the vast number of possible B and T-cell receptor binding…

A: Answer : While a antigen enters the body it's far processed and displayed by way of mhc complex.…

Pre-Darwinian Concepts