In EMG measurement the ground electrode normally attached to: Muscle Bell O Muscle Tendon Most nearest bone to the targeted muscle Any available bone Anywhere on the body skin, since the skin considered as one environment at any location of the O O O
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- A research scientist is developing a new drug that blocks muscle cellreceptors that, when activated, stimulate a muscle contraction. In her firstexperiment, she used 250 mg of the new drug but saw no effect. In hersecond experiment, she increased the dosage to 750 mg. This dosagewas successful in blocking the muscle stimulation. Explain why increasingthe dosage would affect the outcome of the experiment.Poorly conditioned, middle-aged peoplemay suffer a rupture of the calcaneal tendonwhen the foot is suddenly dorsiflexed, asin hitting the ground when jumping downfrom a height. Explain each of the followingsigns of a ruptured calcaneal tendon: (a)a prominent lump typically appears in thecalf; (b) the foot can be dorsiflexed fartherthan usual; and (c) the patient cannot plantarflex the foot very effectivelyAdequate level of muscle tone is essential for the accurate performance of voluntary movements, because :-a- it adjusts the α -motor neuron discharge initiating voluntary movementsb- it adjusts posture of proximal joints of the acting limbsc- it adjusts the upright posture of the whole body during voluntary movementsd- it adjusts sensitivity of the spindles of the involved muscles
- Which of the following properties is not common to allthree muscle tissues?a. excitabilityb. the need for ATPc. at rest, uses shielding proteins to cover actinbindingsitesd. elasticityWhat are two major disadvantages of MRI scans?a. release of radiation and poor quality imagesb. high cost and the need for shielding from themagnetic signalsc. can only view metabolically active tissues andinadequate availability of equipmentd. release of radiation and the need for a patient tobe confined to metal tube for up to 30 minutesWatch this short video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/facialnerve) to see an examination of the facial nerve using some simple tests. The facial nerve controls the muscles of facial expression. Severe deficits will be obvious in watching someone use those muscles for normal control. One side of the face might not move like the other side. But directed tests, especially for contraction against resistance, require a formal testing of the muscles. The muscles of the upper and lower face need to be tested. The strength test in this video involves the patient squeezing her eyes shut and the examiner trying to pry her eyes open. Why does the examiner ask her to try a second time?
- A band of fibers that holds structures together abnormally is a/an______________. These bands can form as the result of an injury or surgery. adhesion aponeurosis atrophy contractureSavannah and her 59-year-old grandfather spent a long daygardening. Pulling weeds, raking, and planting left both ofthem a bit sore. However, Savannah’s grandfather was morestiff and sore, and it took him much longer to recover thanSavannah. Why did Savannah and her grandfather react tothis exertion differently?Elaboration of surface area to maximize functional capability is a common motif in the body illustrating the general principle of physiology that structure is a determinant of—and has coevolved with—function
- Of the below, could you please assist with what applies to Muscle tone? is a condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions. is a constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time. is a time during which the tissue cannot respond again. results in complete and incomplete tetanus. is a condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations.Watch this short video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/facialnerve) to see an examination of the facial nerve usingsome simple tests. The facial nerve controls the musclesof facial expression. Severe deficits will be obvious inwatching someone use those muscles for normal control.One side of the face might not move like the other side. Butdirected tests, especially for contraction against resistance,require a formal testing of the muscles. The muscles of theupper and lower face need to be tested. The strength testin this video involves the patient squeezing her eyes shutand the examiner trying to pry her eyes open. Why does theexaminer ask her to try a second time?In 2003, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine wasawarded to Paul C. Lauterbur and Sir Peter Mansfield fordiscoveries related to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).This is a tool to see the structures of the body (not just thenervous system) that depends on magnetic fields associatedwith certain atomic nuclei. The utility of this technique inthe nervous system is that fat tissue and water appear asdifferent shades between black and white. Because whitematter is fatty (from myelin) and gray matter is not, theycan be easily distinguished in MRI images. Visit the NobelPrize website (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/nobel_2) toplay an interactive game that demonstrates the use of thistechnology and compares it with other types of imagingtechnologies. Also, the results from an MRI session arecompared with images obtained from x-ray or computedtomography. How do the imaging techniques shown in thisgame indicate the separation of white and gray mattercompared with the freshly dissected tissue…