In Figure 3 below, what has caused production to increase from output level Q1 to output level Q2? Figure 3 Q2 Labour A new technological process has been integrated into the production process causing output to increase The price of labour has decreased The price of capital has decreased The company has decided to increase output by increasing spending on both capital ar labour
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- please asnwer the question in the image Some economists believe that the U.S. economy as awhole can be modeled with the following productionfunction, called the Cobb–Douglas production function:Y 5 AK1/3L2/3,where Y is the amount of output, K is the amount ofcapital, L is the amount of labor, and A is a parameterthat measures the state of technology. For this productionfunction, the marginal product of labor isMPL 5 (2/3) A(K/L)1/3.Suppose that the price of output P is 2, A is 3, K is1,000,000, and L is 1,000. The labor market is competitive,so labor is paid the value of its marginal product.a. Calculate the amount of output produced Y and thedollar value of output PY.b. Calculate the wage W and the real wage W/P. (Note:The wage is labor compensation measured in dollars,whereas the real wage is labor compensationmeasured in units of output.)c. Calculate the labor share (the fraction of the value ofoutput that is paid to labor), which is (WL)/(PY).d. Calculate what happens to output Y,…Suppose that the economy in the Jatinagor area has a Production Possible Limit with the equation X² + 4Y² = 64. Calculate what the value of X is if Y = 0 and what is the value of Y if X = 0 What is the opportunty cost of X if Y is constant in the economy or does it depend on the levels of output produced? Explain!ADVANCED MACROECONOMICS: MODERN MACROECONOMICS MODEL It is known that the maximization of the household utility function is as follows: U₁ = fety InC₁ + (1 − y) ln(L – 1,)]dt Withconstraint : K₁ = (R₂ - S)K + Welt - Ct (2) The firm produces output through the production function (Yt = F(Kt. Lt. At)) Cobb Douglas constant return to scale with the aim of maximizing profit. It is assumed that the economy is a closed economy. A. Derive the labor supply equation. Explain how the relationship between increased household preferences for (i) consumption and (ii) leisure time on labor supply. B. Derive the labor demand equation. Explain how the relationship between (i) wages and (ii) capital to labor demand. C. Determine the amount of labor (level of labor) from the above economy in steady
- Consider a firm for which production depends on two normal inputs, labor and capital, with prices w and r, respectively. Initially the firm faces market prices of w = 6 and r = 4. These prices then shift to w = 4 and r = 2.a. In which direction will the substitution effect change the firm’s employment and capital s tock?b. In which direction will the scale effect change the firm’s employment and capital stock?c. Can we say conclusively whether the firm will use more or less labor? More or less c apital?Consider the “production” of food, which uses various types of inputs: “labor” (e.g., cooks); “capital” (e.g., restaurants and equipment); and “raw materials” (e.g., ingredients). Suppose that labor accounts for 50% of fast food costs while capital and raw materials account for 25% each. Briefly explain whether each of the following parts are true, false, or uncertain a. If raw material prices double (i.e., increase by 100%) while labor and capital prices are unchanged, then using the same mix of labor, capital, and raw materials will require a 25% increase in expenditures. b. If raw material prices double (i.e., increase by 100%) while labor and capital prices are unchanged, then achieving the same health outcomes (i.e., producing the same amount of “output”) will require a 25% increase in expenditures.) Suppose there are two inputs in the production function-labor and capitaland that these two inputs are perfect substitutes. Suppose that the price of capital is 750 GHC per machine per week and that the weekly salary of each . worker is 300 GHC . i) Draw the isocost line ii) With the aid of a graph, explain the effect of a wage decrease on flrm-level employment and output holding initial cost ouday constant.
- (Production function) A technological breakthrough raises a country’s A ̄ by 10%, but capital and labor are all unchanged. Assuming the country’s production function is given by Y = A ̄K1/2L1/2.(a) Figure out what impact this breakthrough will have on the MPK and MPL in that country. (b) Draw a picture Y of against K holding L fixed. 1 (c) Redraw the picture with A ̄ increased to 1.1A ̄ but L fixed at same level as before. (Production function) For the production function Y = K1/3L2/3 (a) find the function for output per capita (b) What is the growth rate of per capita for this function in terms of the growth rate of K, gK, and the growth rate of L, n.I plan to reopen a business consists of five kiosks for serving the customers who come to service their Phones. In this case, I must hir five Professional workers.So here, we can regard the kiosk and workers as the input and the serviceable phones as output. IN five kiosks = I can serve a total of 100 customers every week. But the expectons we will facing 150 customers daily for servicing their Phones.So, to serve all the customers, if I -rent five more kiosks to do the needful and also , hir additional five Professional workers. 1- How to exhibit increasing returns To Scale?2- How to exhibit decreasing Returns To Scale3- How to exhibit Constant returns to scale? Please make sure to include an adequate explanation as to why this is true.Currentlyyouworkfor40hoursperweekatthewagerateof$20anhour.Your free hours are defined as the number of hours not spent in work per week, which in this case is 24 hours × 7 days − 40 hours = 128 hours per week. Suppose now that your wage rate has increased by 25%. If you are happy to keep your total weekly income constant, how many hours will you work? How many free hours will you have?
- 157.In an economy with flexible prices, competitive factor markets, and fixed supplies of the factors of production, graphically illustrate the impact of a deadly virus that kills a large part of the labor force, but leaves the other factors of production untouched, ceteris paribus. Be sure to label: i. the axes; ii. the curves; iii. the initial equilibrium values; iv. the direction the curves shift; and v. the terminal equilibrium values. Explain in words how the equilibrium values change. 158.Assume that the production function is given by Y = AK0.5L0.5, where Y is GDP, K is capital stock, and L is labor. The parameter A is equal to 10. Assume also that capital is 100, labor is 400, and both capital and labor are paid for their marginal products. a.What is Y? b.What is the real wage of labor? c.What is the real rental price of capital (the amount of output paid per unit of capital)? 159.Assume that GDP (Y) is 6,000. Consumption (C). is given by the equation C = 600 + 0.6(Y…(i) Find the rate of change of the function f(x) =x + 2/ 1 − 8x with respect to x when x = 1.(ii) The number of units Q of a particular commodity that will be produced with Kthousand dollars of capital expenditure is modeled by Q(K) = 500 K2/3Suppose that capital expenditure varies with time in such a way that t months from nowthere will be K(t) thousand dollars of capital expenditure, whereK(t) =2t4 + 3t + 149 / t + 2 (a) What will be the capital expenditure 3 months from now? How many units will be producedat this time?(b) At what rate will production be changing with respect to time 5 months from now?Will production be increasing or decreasing at this time?Q5The rate of change of the function f(x) =x + 2 /1 − 8xwith respect to x when x = 1. (i) The number of units Q of a particular commodity that will be produced with K thousand dollars of capital expenditure is modeled by Q(K) = 500 K^2/3. Suppose that capital expenditure varies with time in such a way that t months from nowthere will be K(t) thousand dollars of capital expenditure,whereK(t) =2t4 + 3t + 149 /t + 2 Required:(a) What will be the capital expenditure 3 months from now? How many units will be producedat this time? (b) At what rate will production be changing with respect to time 5 months from now?Will production be increasing or decreasing at this time?