In graph theory, graph coloring is a special case of graph labeling; it is an assignment of labels traditionally called "colors" to elements of a graph subject to certain constraints. in its simplest form, it is a way of coloring the vertices of a graph such that no two adjacent vertices share the same color; this is called a vertex coloring.", Wikipedia a) Apply your algorithm in the graph below. What is the accuracy ratio?
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In graph theory, graph coloring is a special case of graph labeling; it is an assignment of labels traditionally called "colors" to elements of a graph subject to certain constraints. in its simplest form, it is a way of coloring the vertices of a graph such that no two adjacent vertices share the same color; this is called a vertex coloring.", Wikipedia
a) Apply your
b) Show that the performance ratio of your algorithm can go unbounded above or never at all.
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- (Graph Theory) In chess, a knight can move from a square to another square if one of their coordinates differs by 1, and the other differs by 2. A knight's tour is a traversal by knight moves starting at a square, visiting each square once, and returning to the start. Does a 7 × 7 chessboard admit a knight's tour? If so, show the tour.When faced with a difficult problem in mathematics, it often helps to draw a picture. If the problem involves a discrete collection of interrelated objects, it is natural to sketch the objects and draw lines between them to indicate the relationships. A graph (composed of dots called vertices connected by lines or curves called edges) is the mathematical version of such a sketch. The edges of a graph may have arrows on them; in this case, the graph is called a directed graph. When we draw a graph, it doesn’t really matter where we put the vertices or whether we draw the edges as curved or straight; rather, what matters is whether or not two given vertices are connected by an edge (or edges). The degree of a vertex is the number of edges incident to it (i.e., the number of times an edge touches it). This is different than the number of edges touching it, because an edge my form a loop; for instance, vertex ? in graph ? (above) has degree 5. In a directed graph, we can speak of the…When faced with a difficult problem in mathematics, it often helps to draw a picture. If the problem involves a discrete collection of interrelated objects, it is natural to sketch the objects and draw lines between them to indicate the relationships. A graph (composed of dots called vertices connected by lines or curves called edges) is the mathematical version of such a sketch. The edges of a graph may have arrows on them; in this case, the graph is called a directed graph. When we draw a graph, it doesn’t really matter where we put the vertices or whether we draw the edges as curved or straight; rather, what matters is whether or not two given vertices are connected by an edge (or edges). The degree of a vertex is the number of edges incident to it (i.e., the number of times an edge touches it). This is different than the number of edges touching it, because an edge my form a loop; for instance, vertex ? in graph ? (above) has degree 5. In a directed graph, we can speak of the…
- When faced with a difficult problem in mathematics, it often helps to draw a picture. If the problem involves a discrete collection of interrelated objects, it is natural to sketch the objects and draw lines between them to indicate the relationships. A graph (composed of dots called vertices connected by lines or curves called edges) is the mathematical version of such a sketch. The edges of a graph may have arrows on them; in this case, the graph is called a directed graph. When we draw a graph, it doesn’t really matter where we put the vertices or whether we draw the edges as curved or straight; rather, what matters is whether or not two given vertices are connected by an edge (or edges). The degree of a vertex is the number of edges incident to it (i.e., the number of times an edge touches it). This is different than the number of edges touching it, because an edge my form a loop; for instance, vertex ? in graph ? (above) has degree 5. In a directed graph, we can speak of the…When faced with a difficult problem in mathematics, it often helps to draw a picture. If the problem involves a discrete collection of interrelated objects, it is natural to sketch the objects and draw lines between them to indicate the relationships. A graph (composed of dots called vertices connected by lines or curves called edges) is the mathematical version of such a sketch. The edges of a graph may have arrows on them; in this case, the graph is called a directed graph. When we draw a graph, it doesn’t really matter where we put the vertices or whether we draw the edges as curved or straight; rather, what matters is whether or not two given vertices are connected by an edge (or edges). The degree of a vertex is the number of edges incident to it (i.e., the number of times an edge touches it). This is different than the number of edges touching it, because an edge my form a loop; for instance, vertex ? in graph ? (above) has degree 5. In a directed graph, we can speak of the…*Discrete Math In the graph above, let ε = {2, 3}, Let G−ε be the graph that is obtained from G by deleting the edge {2,3}. Let G∗ be the graph that is obtain from G − ε by merging 2 and 3 into a single vertex w. (As in the notes, v is adjacent to w in the new if and only if either {2,v} or {3,v is an edge of G.) (a) Draw G − ε and calculate its chromatic polynomial. (b) Give an example of a vertex coloring that is proper for G − ε, but not for G. (c) Explain, in own words, why no coloring can be proper for G but not proper for G − ε. (d) Draw G∗ and calculate its chromatic polynomial. (e) Verify that, for this example,PG(k) = PG−ε(k) − PG∗ (k).
- A graph is a collection of vertices and edges G(V, E). A weighted graph has weights (numbers, etc.) on every edge. A multigraph can have more than one edges between any vertices. Explain why a person should use a weighted graph instead of a multigraph. Give examples. An adjacency matrix might be a better choice for speeding up a program, however, it consumes huge memory for large graphs. How this situation can be improved? What programming constructs better suit graph representation? Explain with exampleIn hill-climbing algorithms there are steps that make lots of progress and steps that make very little progress. For example, the first iteration on the input given might find a path through the augmentation graph through which a flow of 30 can be added. It might, however, find the path through which only a flow of 2 can be added. How bad might the running time be when the computation is unlucky enough to always take the worst legal step allowed by the algorithm? Start by taking the step that increases the flow by 2 for the input. Then continue to take the worst possible step. You could draw out each and every step, but it is better to use this opportunity to use loop invariants. What does the flow look like after i iterations? Repeat this process on the same graph except that the four edges forming the square now have capacities 1,000,000,000,000,000 and the crossover edge has capacity 1. (Also move t to c or give that last edge a large capacity.)1. What is the worst case number of…How do we solve this problem in Java language? Thank you! We can describe the physical structure of some designs using an undirected graph. We’ll say vertex i is part of a triangle if i has two different neighbors j and k such that j and k are neighbors of each other. For this problem, find weak vertices in graphs – those vertices that is not part of any triangle. Figure 1: An illustration of the weak vertices (which are shaded) from the sample input graph. Input Input consists of up to 100 graphs. Each starts with an integer, 1 ≤ n ≤ 20, giving the number of vertices in the graph. Next come n lines with n integers on each line, which describe an n×n adjacency matrix for the graph. Vertices are numbered from 0 to n−1. If the adjacency matrix contains a one at row r, column c (where 0 ≤ r, c ≤ n−1), it means that there is an edge from vertex r to vertex c. Since the graph is undirected, the adjacency matrix is symmetric. The end of input is marked by a value of −1 for n. Output For…
- For each of the following statements, decide whether it is true or false. If it is true, include a (short, but clear) argument why it is true, and if it is false, include a concrete graph which shows that the claim is false.a) There is a tree which contains exactly one leaf. b) A graph can be colored with two colors if and only if it is bipartite. c) A graph on n ≥ 2 vertices with at most n − 2 edges is always acyclic.Implement PageRank algorithm in python using following graph. Given the below graph data, implement a python program for the following steps. Import this graph to Python and visualize the graph and Using the PageRank Algorithm find top-4 important users that Canadian Tire can target for advertising.Suppose you have a graph G with 6 vertices and 7 edges, and you are given the following information: The degree of vertex 1 is 3. The degree of vertex 2 is 4. The degree of vertex 3 is 2. The degree of vertex 4 is 3. The degree of vertex 5 is 2. The degree of vertex 6 is 2. What is the minimum possible number of cycles in the graph G?