In relation to steps in product development in industrial microbiology explain why optimization of production conditions must be done first in the laboratory before scaling up the production.

Q: Explain why, to the best of our knowledge, most microorganisms resist culturing in the laboratory

A: Prokaryotes are the primitive organisms that were the first to develop and harness life on Earth.…

Q: giving examples to illustrate your answer define both selective media and enrichment media as might…

A: Every microbiologist must eventually grow bacteria in the lab for research purposes. Bacterial…

Q: Define agar.

A: A dried jelly-like substance called agar, commonly referred to as agar-agar, is made from the red…

Q: Biofilm is

A: Answer is option c.) Colonial organism.

Q: define both selective and enrichment media as they may be used in clinical microbiology

A: Media in microbiology or also known as bacterial culture media. It is a growth medium used to grow…

Q: Describe the advantages and disadvantages of aldehyde agents in microbial control.

A: The general formula of aldehydes is R-CHO. Several low molecular weight aldehydes are antimicrobial.…

Q: Would culture human cells be classified as a biohazard?

A: A "microbe" is a living entity that is so tiny that it cannot be seen with the naked eye.…

Q: Explain the principle involved in O.D determination of microbial populations using the…

A: A spectrophotometer is an instrument that can determine the concentration of a compound or solution…

Q: Describe the term resistance and biofilm related to microbiology.

A: The ecosystem is composed of species such as plants, animals, and microbes. Microorganisms, which…

Q: Explain the general aim(s) of industrial microbiology.

A: The focus of industrial microbiology is on businesses that produce useful products in large…

Q: complete the table below by citing some industrial fermentation products from microorganisms

A: We don't provide any references. A "microbe" is a living entity that is so tiny that it cannot be…

Q: why it is useful to plot the microbial growth from a growing microbial culture?

A: The term microbial growth refers to the growth of a population of microbe, it is an increase in the…

Q: Describe the two-step process that makes up nitrification. Could microbes performing nitrification…

A: Nitrification is a key step in the nitrogen cycle in soil. It is an aerobic process that involves…

Q: In Microbiology, are there technologies that can help make Bacterial Culture and Sensitivity done…

A: Conventional methods for identification of bacteria and its drug susceptibility testing depends on…

Q: If we are to rely on microorganisms to biodegrade wastes in landfills,aquatic habitats, and soil,…

A: Landfills refer to the dumping ground or garbage dump. It is the site where waste material is…

Q: Describe how bacteria are used in sewage treatment.

A: The sewage is that is produced in huge quantities in human settlements like the cities are a huge…

Q: Describe the step by step method of preparing culture media in microbiology.

A: Culture media are the media or the substrate used to grow microorganisms.  There are different types…

Q: Name and explain the culture media that can be used for cultivating non-specific and specific…

A: a) nutrient agar & tryptic soy agar, & brain heart infusion agar are culture media that can…

Q: Describe and give the principle of each equipment used for sterilization in microbiology.

A: Sterilization is the method of removal, killing or inhibition of all forms of lives, spores or…

Q: Explain the importance of using a control tube with only broth when measuring turbidity in a…

A: A spectrophotometer is used to measure the turbidity of a microbial culture sample. It is also used…

Q: If two cultures of facultative anaerobes were grown under identical condition expect that one was…

A: Depending on the presence of oxygen, optional anaerobes may alter their metabolic processes, using…

Q: Between moist heat, dry heat, cold, desiccation, radiation and filter. How would you rank the best…

A: Answer: Sterilization is the method of killing microbes in an aseptic method ,  that provides no…

Q: microorganism

A: Soy sauce is an oriental fermented product produced by two step of fermentation 1. solidstate…

Q: Why is nitrification a good example of a commensalistic process?

A: The ‘bacteria’ is a microscopic ‘single-cell’ organism. It does not have a nucleus and other…

Q: give one reason why is it necessary to keep stirring the agar medium mixture in a beaker when…

A: Agar is a heteropolysaccharide, which is composed of different carbohydrate units. Agar is obtained…

Q: The most probably number (MPN) method for measuring Nitrifiers in soil Microbiology ?

A: Microbiology is the branch of biology that deals with study of organisms that are too small to be…

Q: Describe and give the principle of autoclave, Hot Air Oven and a Hot Plate used for sterilization in…

A: Sterilization in microbiology: This technique is used for the killing of the harmful bacteria on the…

Q: Why do we study how to control microbial growth? Give concrete examples wherein our understanding of…

A: Introduction :- Bacterial growth occurs when a bacterium divides into two daughter cells, a process…

Q: which method do you think is more reilable, a test utilizing microbial growth media, or a…

A: The investigation of microorganisms is significantly aided by the ability to culture them, that is,…

Q: Compare and contrast downstream processing from upstream processing in industrial microbiology.

A: The food industry which involves industrial biotechnology is based on the process of fermentation.…

Q: What is meant by resolution in microbiology

A: •Resolution  is term used to describe the  ability of a microscope to distinguish features.

Q: Discuss briefly the phases of Microbial Growth Curve and why it is useful to plot the microbial…

A: For microbial growth many factors are important such as nutrients, temperature, pH, moisture and…

Q: Why are some bacteria difficult to grow in the laboratory? Relate this to what you know so far about…

A: Microorganisms are isolated and cultured for various reasons. The role of media in the culture,…

Q: microbial motility.

A: Motility test is used to determine if organisms are motile or not. It is the ability of an organism…

Q: medium in which all the components are known is: A. Minimal medium B. Synthetic or defined medium…

A: Microorganisms are small, unicellular, and microscopic organisms. It is important to grow…

Q: Describe the five phases of a microbial growth curve observed when growing microbes are grown in…

A: The bacterial growth curve represents the number of live cells in a bacterial population over a…

Q: Do all the microbes are cultivable in lab? Explain different techniques to study the microbial…

A: Microorganism: These are too small organism which is impossible to see by naked eyes. They exist in…

Q: explain why the invention of solid culture media was of great importance to the development of…

A: Most microbiological tests rely on culture media to obtain pure cultures, grow and count microbes,…

Q: Which reaction is carried out by nitrification bacteria? Select one: a. nitrate to nitrite b.…

A: The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms such as nitrogenous compounds is called as…

Q: Describe the aims of industrial microbiology.

A: Given: Describe the aims of industrial microbiology.

Q: It may seem contradictory that lyophilization can be used to preservefoods yet also be used to keep…

A: Lyophilization is a stabilizing process in which the substance is subjected to freeze drying and the…

Q: what factors are to be considered when choosing raw materials for industrial fermentation

A: The input goods or inventory that a company requires to manufacture its products are known as raw…

Q: Explain how an endospore-producing organism is suitable for use in bioterrorism.

A: Bioterrorism is the use of microorganisms and deadly pathogens with unethical intentions and cause…

Q: Explain the effect that environmental factors exert on the growth and development of an algal batch…

A: The growth and development of algae is controlled by various environmental factors. This includes,…

Q: Explain why, to the best of your knowledge, most microorganisms resist culturing in the laboratory.

A: Microorganisms are minute, unicellular living beings that are undetectable to the unaided eye. They…

Q: If a biotechnologist wishes to obtain a primary metabolite, they will harvest the organism/media…

A: Bacteria are omnipresent and are found in air, water, soil, etc. Each bacterial species has a unique…

Q: Please explain the differences between freeze drying,drum drying and air drying and which give a…

A: Freeze drying, drum drying, and air drying are dring methods to remove water content from the cell…

Q: Explain the Comparison of selective and differential media with general purpose media.

A: In tissue or Cell culture, medium is very important because it is the medium that is enriched with…

Q: compare and contrast between batch and fed-batch fermentation.

A: Fermentation is a biochemical mechanism in which a carbohydrate, such as starch or sugar, is…

Q: Give one reason why it is important to know the different types of fermentation carried out by…

A: Need to find why knowing fermentation type carried out by microbes is important.

Industrial Processes

Industrial processes result in the manufacturing of products (biological products, such as enzymes, medicine) on a large scale using different methods, such as physical and chemical procedures. Few products such as pharmaceuticals, agricultural products, food items, etc., involve microbes and their enzymes. Such processes are termed industrial biological processes. Microbiology and biotechnology enable us to utilize the ability of microorganisms to produce enzymes, primary metabolites, and secondary metabolites, which in turn help to produce the desired products.