In the context of green engineering, what is the difference between internal and external costs? Which type is easier to estimate and quantify, and why?
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In the context of green engineering, what is the difference between internal and external costs? Which type is easier to estimate and quantify, and why?
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- A “green” (environmentally friendly) office building costs as average of $3.50 per square foot each year to heat and cool. What is the total annual heating and cooling cost of an office building that has 10,000 square meters of space?List the five main types of engineering economic decisions?Which statement is not true with respect to estimating the economic impacts of proposed engineering projects? (a) Order-of-magnitude estimates are used for high-level planning. (b) Order-of-magnitude estimates are the most accurate type at about –3 to 5%. (c) Increasing the accuracy of estimates requires added time and resources. (d) Estimators tend to underestimate the magnitude of costs and to overestimate benefits.
- Which of the following would be considered noneconomic factors in deciding which type of power plant to build: (a) equipment cost; (b) morale; (c) goodwill; (d) salvage value; (e) public acceptance; and (f) aesthetics?Which of the following stnLcmcnts is not one of the four fundamental principles of engineering economics?(a) Receiving a dollar today is worth more than a dollar received in the (future.(b) To expect the highest return on investment, you need to take a higher risk.(c) Marginal revenue must exceed the marginal cost to justify any production.(d) When you are comparing different alternatives. you must not focus only on differences in alternatives.Formulate decision-making of construction activities in the light of a balance between economic efficiency, environmental impact and technical performance.
- Answer the 2nd bullet point only (Engineering Economics)What are some of the ethical issues that arise when one is considering investment in foreign countries?When we talk about massive energy generation through more traditional methods, such as hydroelectric andthermoelectric plants, it is inevitable that we think about environmental aspects and the entire chain involved so that theenergy generated in a locality is taken to large consumer centers. Seeking to improve thisIn this context, microgrids emerged, which can act in isolation or connected to the Interconnected SystemNational. For consumers, the main advantages are medium-term savings and the issue ofenvironmental. For the distributor, the impacts of microgrids are:ALTERNATIVESa) Practically non-existent, as current equipment is energy efficient and connecteddigitally, improving the operation of the network as a whole.b) Technical and environmental, as the consumer stops buying energy from the distributor, and the generation andtransmission becomes obsolete, generating waste for the environment.c) Exclusively technical, as the consumer connects the phases and the neutral to the SIN…