Indicate whether the statement is true or false, and justify your answer.Expected utility theory offers one possible valuation function that satisfies the properties of completeness, transitivity, and independence of preferences under uncertainty.
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Indicate whether the statement is true or false, and justify your answer.
Expected utility theory offers one possible valuation function that satisfies the properties of completeness, transitivity, and independence of preferences under uncertainty.
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- Indicate whether the statement is true or false, and justify your answer.If a person discounts utility from future periods, her preferences are time-inconsistent because she does not value utility in all periods equally.can you explain the Axioms of expected utility by The von Neumann and Morgenstern (1944)***PLEASE NOTE: QUESTION HAS TWO PARTS REQUIRING ANSWER*** Q: Johnny Football has a utility function of the form ? = √?. Johnny is beginning his senior year of college football. If he is not seriously injured, he will receive a $1,000,000 contract for playing professional football. If any injury ends his football career, he will take a job as a refuse removal facilitator in his hometown that pays $10,000. There is a 10% chance that Johnny will be injured badly enough to end his career. a. What is Johnny’s expected utility? b. How much would Johnny be willing to pay to remove the financial riskhe faces? That is, what $p would he pay for a $1,000,000 insurancepolicy so that he would have $1,000,000-$p even if he had a seriousinjury? Assume he wouldn’t work for $10,000 if he had the insuranceand he was injured. Hint: You should set his utility with certainty(U($1,000,000-$p)) equal to his expected utility with risk (found inpart a) and solve for p.
- EXPECTED UTILITY THEORY • Goal utility and goal difficulty are combined to determine goal selection according to expected utility theory according to this theory, the goal that is selected is based on its utility and estimated probability of being achieved. Utility refers to the usefulness of the goal in providing satisfaction or happiness • Expected utility = Utility × subjective probability . Question- Explain what you understand from this theory above and give an example of how it can be useful .Select the correct option : When the expected utility of offer A is larger than offer B, a rational individual would always prefer offer A to offer B. 1. True 2.FalsePresent the classical model of choice under uncertainty. What are the five assump- tions which characterize the Von-Neumann-Morgenstern expected utility repre- sentation?
- Emma has a utility function U(x1, x2, x3) = log x1 + 0.8 log x2 + 0.72 log x3 over her incomes x1, x2, x3 in the next three years. This is an example of (A) expected value; (B) quasi-hyperbolic utility function; (C) standard discounted utility; (D) none of the above. Emma’s preferences can exhibit which of the following behavioral patterns? (A) preference for flflexibility; (B) context effffects; (C) time inconsistency; (D) intransitivity.Draw a utility function (with income on the horizontal axis) for an individual who is risk-loving at low levels of income, risk-neutral at moderate levels of income, and risk-averse at high levels of income (with each of these three regions clearly labeled). How would someone who looked at this graph (and had no other information about the individual) be able to figure out the individual’s attitude toward risk (averse/loving/neutral) in each region?"The non-liner transformation of the vNM expected utility function fails to reflect the underlying preference relation." Explain the above statement.
- Calculate the expected utility of John when he faces the risky prospect X = {1, 2, 3, 4; 0.2, 0.4, 0.4, 0.2} . His utility function is u(x) = 4 ln x, where x is wealth and ln represents the natural log. (Use two decimals)1- A consumer who starts (i.e. has an endowment) at point B, and has preferences shown by IC1, will want to borrow. Select one: True False 2-Assuming a mix of present and future consumption is preferred, ANY consumer who starts (i.e. has an endowment) at point A will gain utility from a rise in interest rates. Select one: True False 3-A consumer who starts at point B will want to borrow, but as little as possible in order to minimise the cost of interest. Select one: True False 4-If a consumer starts at point A, and then receives extra income in the present, this would appear as an outward shift of the budget constraint. Select one: True FalseEmma has a utility functionU(x1, x2, x3) = logx1+ 0.8logx2+ 0.72logx3 incomes x1 , x2, x3 in the next three years. This is an example of (A) expected value; (B) quasi-hyperbolic utility function; (C) standard discounted utility; (D) none of the above.