Jim is a truck driver who is on the road for long hours. He admits to eating “unhealthy” foods and often stops at fast food restaurants after his late shifts, choosing cheeseburgers, French fries, and pizza most often. He does not drink alcohol because his job requires him to drive at a moment’s notice, but he does drink coffee throughout the day to keep awake during his odd hours. He has a history of intermittent heartburn, but the chest pain is getting more frequent and more severe, so he decides to seek treatment. Which of the following anatomical structures is weakened, causing Jim’s heartburn?   Pyloric sphincter   Lower esophageal sphincter   Fundus of the stomach   Muscularis layer of the stomach

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Jim is a truck driver who is on the road for long hours. He admits to eating “unhealthy” foods and often stops at fast food restaurants after his late shifts, choosing cheeseburgers, French fries, and pizza most often. He does not drink alcohol because his job requires him to drive at a moment’s notice, but he does drink coffee throughout the day to keep awake during his odd hours. He has a history of intermittent heartburn, but the chest pain is getting more frequent and more severe, so he decides to seek treatment.

  1. Which of the following anatomical structures is weakened, causing Jim’s heartburn?

     
    1. Pyloric sphincter

       
    2. Lower esophageal sphincter

       
    3. Fundus of the stomach

       
    4. Muscularis layer of the stomach

       
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