Jospersen/Hyslop, Chemistry7E, Copyright 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 70 70 Your Turn! For the species XeF,0, determine the following: 1. hybridization around the central atom 2. the molecular polarity A. sp³d , polar B. sp³d², polar C. sp³d, nonpolar D. sp³d, nonpolar Jespersen/Hyslop, Chemistry7E, Copyright© 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 72 72

Jospersen/Hyslop, Chemistry7E, Copyright 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 70 70 Your Turn! For the species XeF,0, determine the following: 1. hybridization around the central atom 2. the molecular polarity A. sp³d , polar B. sp³d², polar C. sp³d, nonpolar D. sp³d, nonpolar Jespersen/Hyslop, Chemistry7E, Copyright© 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 72 72

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079373

Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Publisher:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Chapter7: Covalent Bonding

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 69QAP: Consider acetyl salicylic acid, better known as aspirin. Its structure is (a) How many sigma and pi...

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Consider acetyl salicylic acid, better known as aspirin. Its structure is (a) How many sigma and pi bonds are there in aspirin? (b) What are the approximate values of the angles marked (in blue) A, B, and C? (c) What is the hybridization of each atom marked (in red) 1, 2, and 3?
Compare Figs. 4-47 and 4-49. Why are they different? Because B2 is known to be paramagnetic, the 2p and 2p molecular orbitals must be switched from the first prediction. What is the rationale for this? Why might one expect the 2p to be lower in energy than the 2p? Why cant we use diatomic oxygen to help us decide whether the 2p, or 2p, is lower in energy?
How many of the atoms in the structure shown in Figure 7 has sp² hybridisation? [The answer is a whole number.] *
Draw the dot structure for: a) ClO3-1 b) ICl2-1 c) What is the shape of ClO3-1? d) What is the shape of ICl2-1? e) What is the hybridization (sp, sp2, sp3, etc) about each central atom in parts a and b above?
One of the first drugs to be approved for use in treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was azidothymidine (AZT). Complete the Lewis structure for AZT. a. How many carbon atoms are sp3 hybridized? b. How many carbon atoms are sp2 hybridized? c. Which atom is sp hybridized? d. How many σ bonds are in the molecule? e. How many π bonds are in the molecule? f. Wnat isthe N9N9N bond angle inthe azide (-N3) group? g. What is the H-Q-C bond angle in the side group attached to the five membered ring? h. What is the hybridization of the oxygen atom in the -CH2OH group?
One of the first drugs to be approved for use in treatment of acccquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was azidothymidine (AZT). Complete the Lewis structure for AZT a. How many carbon atoms are sp3 hybridised? b. How many carbon atoms are sp2 hybridised? c. Which atom is sp hybridised? d. How many σ bonds are in the molecule? e. How many π bonds are in the molecule? f. What is the N9N9N bond angle in the azide (--N3) group? g. What is the H--Q--C bond angle in the side group attached to the five-membered ring? h. What is the hybridization of the oxygen atom in the --CH2OH group?
(a) Which geometry and central atom hybridization wouldyou expect in the series BH4-, CH4, NH4+? (b) What wouldyou expect for the magnitude and direction of the bonddipoles in this series? (c) Write the formulas for the analogousspecies of the elements of period 3; would you expectthem to have the same hybridization at the centralatom?
The dipole moment of the hydrogen halides decrease from HF to HI (see Table 5.3). explain this trend.
An unusual category of acids known as superacids, which are defined as any acid stronger that 100% sulfuric acid, can be prepared by seemingly simple reactions similar to the one below. The reaction of anhydrous HF with SbF5 produces the superacid [H2F]^+[SbF6]^- : 2 HF (l) +SbF5 (l) >>> [H2F]^+[SbF6]^- (l) a) what are the molecular structures of all species in this reaction? what are the hybridizations of the central atoms in each species? b) what mass of [H2F]^+[SbF6]^- can be prepared when 2.93 mL of anhydrous HF (density=3.10 g/mL) are allowed to react?
(a) If the valence atomic orbitals of an atom are sp hybridized,how many unhybridized p orbitals remain in thevalence shell? How many p bonds can the atom form?(b) Imagine that you could hold two atoms that are bondedtogether, twist them, and not change the bond length.Would it be easier to twist (rotate) around a single s bondor around a double 1s plus p2 bond, or would they be thesame?
For the following molecules: 1. NH3 a. Determine the hybridization of the atoms involved. What are their geometries? identify the orbitals that overlapped to form bonds and those that 'house' lone pairs in the molecule. c. indicate all these in your drawings
Ethyl acetate, C4H8O2, is a fragrant substance used both as asolvent and as an aroma enhancer. Its Lewis structure is given (a) What is the hybridization at each of the carbon atomsof the molecule? (b) What is the total number of valenceelectrons in ethyl acetate? (c) How many of the valence electronsare used to make s bonds in the molecule? (d) Howmany valence electrons are used to make p bonds? (e) Howmany valence electrons remain in nonbonding pairs in themolecule?