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Q: A typical basalt consists of approximately 50%             . a. Al2O3     b. FeO     c. CaO    d. SI...

A: Basalt is a fine-grained volcanic rock with a content of 45% to 52% silica. 

Q: Draw a cross-section and describe the collapse of an oceanic volcano, such as Krakatau. What usually...

A: Krakatoa, a volcanic island present in Indonesia, was destroyed by the violent eruptions in 1883. Th...

Q: What are typical frequencies for 1-story buildings? 10-story? 30-story?

A: The frequency of a building is the number of times the building moves side to side (in a back and fo...

Q: According to the geothermal gradient above, what is the approximate temperature of the earth's mantl...

A: The temperature gradient knowledge comes from the seismic waves interpretation and understanding of ...

Q: One measure of water-use efficiency is the biomass to evapotranspiration ratio. Can this ratio be af...

A: The biomass to evapotranspiration ratio describes the total amount of water that is required in orde...

Q: What is the habitable zone? Which planets are included in the habitable zone in the Solar System? If...

A: A habitable zone refers to the area around a star that has the right temperature profile to sustain ...

Q: Why are fires in cities so commonly associated with major earthquakes?

A: Fires are a recognized hazard associated with earthquakes, especially in cities and industrial areas...

Q: Which of the following minerals is not commonly found in the Igneous rocks? a. quartz   b. feldspar ...

A: Most commonly found minerals in igneous rocks are silicates. This is due to the high abundance of si...

Q: What four factors combine to produce lahars?

A:  A lahar is a violent type of volcanic mudflow or debris flow consisting of pyroclastic material, ro...

Q: Which industrial city.one on the Great Plains or one near the Rocky Mountains would have fewer air p...

A: Air gets cooler with altitude i.e., temperature varies inversely with elevation. In some cases, howe...

Q: What is usually the worst time of day for a big earthquake to strike a city in the western United St...

A: An earthquake's impact depends on the following factors: distance from the epicentre, the severity ...

Q: Your lifetime will be what percentage of geologic time?

A: The Universe formed from the Big bang, about 13.8 Billion years ago. Earth formed at about 4.55 bill...

Q: Explain what a seiche is. How could you create a small one?

A: A seiche is a hydrological phenomenon occur in a fully closed or partially closed water body as a st...

Q: How many years might one subduction zone operate? One volcano? How many years might pass between eru...

A: Most subduction zones will operate normally until the high density lithospheric plate is entirely su...

Q: What are possible causes of the 5.8MW earthquake in Virginia on 23 August 2011?

A: A Magnitude of 5.8 MW earthquake in Virginia on 23rd August 2011 causes possible effects. Which was ...

Q: True or False Sensor calibration is an important image-processing step?

A: False. Image calibration is an important step in image-processing.  

Q: Why is it unlikely that you will find crevasses in the plastic zone of a glacier? Explain your answe...

A: The term glacier is related to nature which is a heavy accumulation of ice over very long years and ...

Q: Sketch a Marina District (San Francisco) dwelling and explain why so many failed during the 1989 Lom...

A: The Marina district building was built over the landfill comprising of a mixture of sand, dirt, rubb...

Q: Navigate to 43.765 N, 110.730 W in Grand Teton National Park, zoom to an eye altitude of 7 km, and e...

A: At the edge of the glacier moraines are formed known as terminal moraine.

Q: As the depth to a hypocenter increases, how does that affect surface shaking?

A: The hypocenter is the point below the Earth's surface where fault ruptures leading to an earthquake ...

Q: Describe how the raster and vector approaches are used to construct point, line and area entities fo...

A: To represent real-world, 3D geographical observations using computers, the data needs to be approxim...

Q: How far can a pyroclastic flow travel over water and still be hot enough to kill people?

A: A pyroclastic flow is a flow or explosion of magma composed of pyroclasts which are solid pieces of ...

Q: A standstone is an example of a (an)             rock. a. igneous  b. chemical sedimentary c. detrit...

A:  Sandstone is an example of a detrital sedimentary rock.

Q: Mount Vesuvius is one of the world’s most active volcanoes, yet it has quiet intervals lasting how l...

A: Mount Vesuvius is an active volcano, which means it will erupt again. The first recorded evidence of...

Q: What are the population doubling times given these annual growth rates: Africa, 2.4%; world, 1.2%?

A: If the N0 , initial population at time, t = 0 is 1 then the N, double of population at time, t is 2....

Q: What are the ecological consequences of cutting forests and burning them?

A: The removal of the forest from the land by cutting or burning them is known as Deforestation.  Defor...

Q: Describe the plate tectonic theory?

A: The theory of plate tectonics describes the movements of the earth's lithosphere and the forces resp...