Let's consider a situation where a football player has to faceoff the goalkeeper in a penalty kickoff. Standing infront of the goalpost, the Kicker (player 1) has several angle which he could kick the ball to the goalpost. Let's say he could kick the ball in the Left corner of the goalpost, Right corner of the goalpost or shoot straight through the Center. And, same as the player, the goalkeeper (player 2) also has three options to predict which direction the player would kick the ball and try to stop it. This game can be represented using the following 3 x 3matrix:

Algebra & Trigonometry with Analytic Geometry
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Chapter10: Sequences, Series, And Probability
Section10.7: Distinguishable Permutations And Combinations
Problem 6E
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Penalty kicks in soccer.
Transcribed Image Text:Penalty kicks in soccer.
Let's consider a situation where a football player has to faceoff the goalkeeper in a penalty kickoff.
Standing infront of the goalpost, the Kicker (player 1) has several angle which he could kick the ball to the goalpost. Let's say he could kick the ball in the
Left corner of the goalpost, Right corner of the goalpost or shoot straight through the Center. And, same as the player, the goalkeeper (player 2) also
has three options to predict which direction the player would kick the ball and try to stop it.
This game can be represented using the following 3 x 3matrix:
Le ft
Center
Right
Le ft
60 40
100 100
94 6
100' 100
- 93 7
100 ' 100
95
100 100
91 9
100 ' 100
5
100
Center
100 ' 100
Right
(91 9
100 ' 100
94
100 ' 100
63 37
100 ' 100
In the above matrix, the payoff of the kicker is the probability that he scores and the payoff of the goalkeeper is the probability that the kicker doesn't
score. We know that the total probability of an event is 1, therefore, all the payoffs sum up to 1.
1. Find a mixed strategy o1 = (P1, P2, (1 – P1 – P2 jor Player 1 that will make Player 2 indifferent about playing LeftCenteror Right
2. Find a mixed strategy o2 = (41, 42, (1 – 41 – 42 for Player 2 that will make Player 1 indifferent about playing Le ftCenteror Right
3. What is the probability that the Kicker(player 1) scored a goal, or in other words what is the expected utility for player 1.
If you are using decimal numbers instead of fractions, use at least six digits after decimal point.
Transcribed Image Text:Let's consider a situation where a football player has to faceoff the goalkeeper in a penalty kickoff. Standing infront of the goalpost, the Kicker (player 1) has several angle which he could kick the ball to the goalpost. Let's say he could kick the ball in the Left corner of the goalpost, Right corner of the goalpost or shoot straight through the Center. And, same as the player, the goalkeeper (player 2) also has three options to predict which direction the player would kick the ball and try to stop it. This game can be represented using the following 3 x 3matrix: Le ft Center Right Le ft 60 40 100 100 94 6 100' 100 - 93 7 100 ' 100 95 100 100 91 9 100 ' 100 5 100 Center 100 ' 100 Right (91 9 100 ' 100 94 100 ' 100 63 37 100 ' 100 In the above matrix, the payoff of the kicker is the probability that he scores and the payoff of the goalkeeper is the probability that the kicker doesn't score. We know that the total probability of an event is 1, therefore, all the payoffs sum up to 1. 1. Find a mixed strategy o1 = (P1, P2, (1 – P1 – P2 jor Player 1 that will make Player 2 indifferent about playing LeftCenteror Right 2. Find a mixed strategy o2 = (41, 42, (1 – 41 – 42 for Player 2 that will make Player 1 indifferent about playing Le ftCenteror Right 3. What is the probability that the Kicker(player 1) scored a goal, or in other words what is the expected utility for player 1. If you are using decimal numbers instead of fractions, use at least six digits after decimal point.
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