Looking across the first row, is the odds ratio for females significantly different than 1 in any category? Explain why or why not. TABLE 2–Odds Ratios From Logistic Regressions of Smoking Outcomes Among Youths Aged 12-14 Years: United States,Community Population (1994–1995) vs Child Welfare Population (2000-2001)Community PopulationChild Welfare PopulationLifetime Smoking.OR (95% CI)Current Smoking,OR (95% CI)Regular Smoking.OR (95% CI)Lifetime Smoking,OR (95% CI)Current Smoking.OR (95% CI)Regular Smoking.OR (95% CI)Female1.24** (1.01, 1.52)1.46*** (1.12, 1.90)0.74 (0.50, 1.10)1.30 (0.63, 2.67)2.19* (0.96, 4.96)1.52 (0.31, 7.45)Age1.46† (1.26, 1.69)1.45† (1.19, 1.77)1.22 (0.86, 1.73)1.96† (1.38, 2.79)1.95*** (1.21, 3.16)1.48 (0.69, 3.17)Black0.29t (0.22, 0.38)0.28† (0.19, 0.40)0.23t (0.11, 0.47)0.33** (0.12, 0.88)0.29*** (0.11, 0.73)0.33 (0.07, 1.50)Hispanic0.41t (0.28, 0.59)0.40† (0.26, 0.61)0.47** (0.26, 0.86)0.76 (0.29, 2.03)0.24* (0.05, 1.21)0.04** (0.01, 0.48)Other race0.62** (0.39, 0.99)0.59** (0.35, 0.97)1.45 (0.40, 5.22)1.88 (0.52, 6.74)0.47 (0.12, 1.83)1.61 (0.26, 10.06)Parent education0.93t (0.89, 0.97)0.92*** (0.88, 0.97)0.92** (0.86, 0.98)1.01 (0.79, 1.17)1.01 (0.85, 1.19)1.19 (0.88, 1.63)2-parent household0.79** (0.63, 0.99)0.82 (0.64, 1.06)0.51** (0.30, 0.87)0.54* (0.28, 1.06)0.45** (0.20, 1.00)1.25 (0.36, 4.40)Parental closeness0.67† (0.54, 0.82)0.76*** (0.64, 0.91)0.72 (0.48, 1.09)0.85 (0.56, 1.30)0.68 (0.42, 1.11)1.03 (0.53, 2.02)1.66† (1.28, 2.15)0.95 (0.32, 2.89)1.34 (0.49, 3.67)1.92† (1.36, 2.70)Depression1.58† (1.21, 2.07)1.95** (1.16, 3.27)3.63 (0.72, 18.30)Delinquency2.56† (2.30, 2.84)2.35t (2.13, 2.61)1.31† (1.13, 1.51)1.79† (1.39, 2.31)1.08 (0.84, 1.38)No.44724472773740740163

It is evident that 95% CI for the categories Lifetime smoking and Current smoking donot contain 1.

Answered: Looking across the first row, is the…

Looking across the first row, is the odds ratio for females significantly different than 1 in any category? Explain why or why not.

College Algebra

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ISBN:9781938168383

Author:Jay Abramson

Publisher:Jay Abramson

Chapter6: Exponential And Logarithmic Functions

Section6.8: Fitting Exponential Models To Data

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Concept explainers

Compound Probability

Compound probability can be defined as the probability of the two events which are independent. It can be defined as the multiplication of the probability of two events that are not dependent.

Tree diagram

Probability theory is a branch of mathematics that deals with the subject of probability. Although there are many different concepts of probability, probability theory expresses the definition mathematically through a series of axioms. Usually, these axioms express probability in terms of a probability space, which assigns a measure with values ranging from 0 to 1 to a set of outcomes known as the sample space. An event is a subset of these outcomes that is described.

Conditional Probability

By definition, the term probability is expressed as a part of mathematics where the chance of an event that may either occur or not is evaluated and expressed in numerical terms. The range of the value within which probability can be expressed is between 0 and 1. The higher the chance of an event occurring, the closer is its value to be 1. If the probability of an event is 1, it means that the event will happen under all considered circumstances. Similarly, if the probability is exactly 0, then no matter the situation, the event will never occur.

Question

Looking across the first row, is the odds ratio for females significantly different than 1 in any category? Explain why or why not.

TABLE 2–Odds Ratios From Logistic Regressions of Smoking Outcomes Among Youths Aged 12-14 Years: United States,
Community Population (1994–1995) vs Child Welfare Population (2000-2001)
Community Population
Child Welfare Population
Lifetime Smoking.
OR (95% CI)
Current Smoking,
OR (95% CI)
Regular Smoking.
OR (95% CI)
Lifetime Smoking,
OR (95% CI)
Current Smoking.
OR (95% CI)
Regular Smoking.
OR (95% CI)
Female
1.24** (1.01, 1.52)
1.46*** (1.12, 1.90)
0.74 (0.50, 1.10)
1.30 (0.63, 2.67)
2.19* (0.96, 4.96)
1.52 (0.31, 7.45)
Age
1.46† (1.26, 1.69)
1.45† (1.19, 1.77)
1.22 (0.86, 1.73)
1.96† (1.38, 2.79)
1.95*** (1.21, 3.16)
1.48 (0.69, 3.17)
Black
0.29t (0.22, 0.38)
0.28† (0.19, 0.40)
0.23t (0.11, 0.47)
0.33** (0.12, 0.88)
0.29*** (0.11, 0.73)
0.33 (0.07, 1.50)
Hispanic
0.41t (0.28, 0.59)
0.40† (0.26, 0.61)
0.47** (0.26, 0.86)
0.76 (0.29, 2.03)
0.24* (0.05, 1.21)
0.04** (0.01, 0.48)
Other race
0.62** (0.39, 0.99)
0.59** (0.35, 0.97)
1.45 (0.40, 5.22)
1.88 (0.52, 6.74)
0.47 (0.12, 1.83)
1.61 (0.26, 10.06)
Parent education
0.93t (0.89, 0.97)
0.92*** (0.88, 0.97)
0.92** (0.86, 0.98)
1.01 (0.79, 1.17)
1.01 (0.85, 1.19)
1.19 (0.88, 1.63)
2-parent household
0.79** (0.63, 0.99)
0.82 (0.64, 1.06)
0.51** (0.30, 0.87)
0.54* (0.28, 1.06)
0.45** (0.20, 1.00)
1.25 (0.36, 4.40)
Parental closeness
0.67† (0.54, 0.82)
0.76*** (0.64, 0.91)
0.72 (0.48, 1.09)
0.85 (0.56, 1.30)
0.68 (0.42, 1.11)
1.03 (0.53, 2.02)
1.66† (1.28, 2.15)
0.95 (0.32, 2.89)
1.34 (0.49, 3.67)
1.92† (1.36, 2.70)
Depression
1.58† (1.21, 2.07)
1.95** (1.16, 3.27)
3.63 (0.72, 18.30)
Delinquency
2.56† (2.30, 2.84)
2.35t (2.13, 2.61)
1.31† (1.13, 1.51)
1.79† (1.39, 2.31)
1.08 (0.84, 1.38)
No.
4472
4472
773
740
740
163

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